Table 3 Summary Results from the Meta-analysis
From: Clinical risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis
RISK FACTOR | PROSPECTIVE | CROSS-SECTIONAL | CASE CONTROL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | n | Overall estimate | n | Overall estimate | n | Overall estimate |
Gender (female) | 2 | 1.01 (0.89 - 1.16) | 2 | 1.06 (0.78 - 1.44) | 2 | 1.00 (0.83 - 1.21) |
Race (white vs. other) | 3 | 0.91 (0.49 - 1.69) | 3 | 1.09 (0.09 - 13.56)* | 1 | 4.2 (2.23 - 8.00) |
Family History* | 0 | Â | 1 | 3.95 (1.35 - 11.54) | 2 | 6.18 (0.98 - 38.90)* |
Cataract surgery* | 4 | 3.05 (2.05 - 4.55) | 2 | 1.59 (1.08 - 2.34) | 3 | 1.54 (1.24 - 1.91) |
Iris colour* | 5 | 0.98 (0.72 - 1.32) | 4 | 0.88 (0.65 - 1.17) | 2 | 0.60 (0.12 - 2.98)* |
Body Mass Index* | 9 | 1.28 (0.98 - 1.67)* | 10 | 1.21 (0.97 - 1.53) | 2 | 1.52 (1.15 - 2.00) |
Smoking* | 5 | 1.86 (1.27 - 2.73) | 7 | 3.58 (2.68 - 4.79) | 6 | 1.78 (1.52 - 2.09) |
Hypertension* | 4 | 1.02 (0.77 - 1.35) | 6 | 1.15 (0.88 - 1.51) | 3 | 1.48 (1.22 - 1.78) |
Diabetes* | 3 | 1.66 (1.05 - 2.63) | 3 | 1.09 (0.61 - 1.92) | 1 | 0.55 (0.06 - 4.87) |
Cardiovascular Disease* | 7 | 1.22 (0.92 - 1.63) | 9 | 1.12 (0.86 - 1.47) | 6 | 2.20 (1.49 - 3.26)* |
Cerebrovascular Diseases | 2 | 1.54 (0.82 - 2.90) | 5 | 1.10 (0.69 - 1.75) | 0 | Â |
Serum Cholesterol (Total) | 4 | 0.99 (0.95 - 1.03) | 5 | 0.94 (0.84 - 1.04) | 1 | 4.66 (1.35 - 16.11) |
Serum Cholesterol (HDL) | 3 | 1.00 (0.97 - 1.02) | 5 | 1.06 (0.80 - 1.39) | 1 | 3.35 (0.92 - 12.23) |
Serum Triglycerides | 2 | 1.00 (0.77 - 1.30) | 3 | 1.08 (0.89 - 1.30) | 1 | 0.90 (0.25 - 3.24) |
Plasma Fibrinogen* | 1 | 1.03 (0.81 - 1.32) | 3 | 1.45 (1.22 - 1.73) | 0 | Â |