Early lens aging is accelerated in subjects with a high risk of ischemic heart disease: an epidemiologic study

BMC Ophthalmology

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the study population.

Number of subjects	421
Males/females	181/240
NGT/IGT/DM*	321/43/41
Smoker (never, occasionally, ex, present)	159/41/105/116
Previous AMI (yes/no)	9/412
Family history of CVD (yes/no)	34/387
Age (years)	46.6 (8.1)
Lens fluorescence (ng f-eq/ml)	421.0 (212.0–832.4)
HbA1c (%)	5.8 (4.3–14.4)
Fasting p-glucose (mmol/l)	5.4 (3.0–19.7)
2-hour OGTT p-glucose (mmol/l)	5.9 (2.5–25.9)
Cholesterol	5.6 (1.0)
HDL-cholesterol	1.4 (0.4)
BMI (kg/m²)	30.8 (24.9–46.3)
Waist circumference (cm)	86.2 (14.3)
Pack years	0.5 (0–90.0)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	129.3 (15.9)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	81.8 (9.9)

NGT denotes normal glucose tolerance, IGT impaired glucose tolerance, DM diabetes mellitus (both known and newly diagnosed), AMI acute myocardial infarction. CVD cardiovascular disease. BMI body mass index. One pack year equals 20 cigarettes per day for one year and is calculated as tobacco ever smoked. Never smokers were defined as subjects who had never smoked tobacco and ever smokers were defined as all those who had smoked and includes both present and ex-smokers. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight divided by the square height (in meters). Values are given in mean (SD) except for pack years, HbA1c, BMI, fasting p-glucose, and 2-hour OGTT p-glucose that are given in median (range) as they are not normally distributed. Lens fluorescence is given as mean (95% confidence interval) after a backtransformation from logarithmic values. *The oral glucose tolerance test was not performed in 16 subjects.

ISSN: 1471-2415