Cladosporium keratitis – a case report and literature review

BMC Ophthalmology

Table 2 Common topical agents for fungal keratitis

Name	Species	Concentration	Dosing interval	Side effects	Ref.
Polylene drivatives
Amphotericin B	Aspergillus, spp.	0.15–0.25 %	1st day: Q30mins	Nephrotoxic, bone marrow suppression, anemia, headache	[1]
Amphotericin B	Candida spp.	0.15–0.25 %	2nd day onward: Q1H	Nephrotoxic, bone marrow suppression, anemia, headache	[1]
Natamycin	Fusarium spp.	5 %	5 times a day	Burning, irritation, punctate keratitis, chemosis	[1]
	Aspergillus spp.
	Candida spp.
Azole – Imidazole derivatives
Miconazole	Aspergillus spp.	1 %	Q1H	Punctate epithelial erosions, pruritus, irritation	[2, 3]
	Scedosporium spp.	Ointment: 2 %
	Candida spp.
Clotrimazole	Aspergillus spp.	1 %	Q1H	Irritation, punctate keratopathy, hepatotoxic, diarrhea, nausea	[4]
Clotrimazole	Fusarium spp.				[4]
Econazole	Aspergillus spp.	2 %	Q4H ~ QID	Local irritation	[5]
Econazole	Fusarium spp.			Local irritation	[5]
Ketoconazole	Aspergillus spp.	1 %	QID	Gynecomastia, impotence, hepatotoxic	[6, 7]
	Fusarium spp.
	Curvularia spp.
Azole – Triazole derivatives
Fluconazole	Filamentous fungi	0.2 %	Q4H	Irritation, burning sensation	[8]
Voriconazole	Filamentous fungi	1 %	Q1H	Visual disturbances, skin rash	[9, 10]
Voriconazole	Candida spp.			Visual disturbances, skin rash	[9, 10]
Pyramidine drivatives
Flucytosine	Candidda spp.	1 %	Q1H	Irritation, itching, burning sensation, nausea, vomit, diarrhea	[11]

ISSN: 1471-2415