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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with acute acquired comitant esotropia

From: Acute acquired comitant esotropia related to excessive Smartphone use

A

Patient Number

1

2

3

4

5

6

Age (years)/Sex

13/F

16/M

16/M

12/F

7/M

15/F

Wearing spectacles

+

+

+

+

Duration of esotropia (months)

3

8

8

10

10

5

Smartphone use per day (hours)

5

8

4

6

4

8

Duration of smartphone use (months)

6

12

10

12

12

8

Presence of diplopia

+

+

+

+

Presenting VA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

UCVA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

0.0/0.0

0.5/0.5

0.4/0.3

0.8/0.8

0.0/0.0

0.5/0.4

BCVA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

 

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

 

0.0/0.0

Manifest refraction (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

+0.25/

+0.25

−3.00/

−3.50

−4.00/

−3.75

−4.50/

−4.50

−0.75/

−0.5

−4.50/

−4.25

Cycloplegic refraction (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

+1.50/

+1.50

−2.00/

−2.25

−3.50/

−3.50

−4.00/

−4.25

+0.25/

+0.25

−4.50/

−4.25

Spectacle glasses power (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

Nil

−3.00/

−3.50

−3.75/

−3.50

−4.00/

−4.25

Nil

−4.25/

−4.00

Sensory function (arc seconds) at initial presentation

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

Bagolini striated glasses test results

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Esodeviation at initial presentation, distance/near (PD)

45/45

35/35

45/45

35/35

25/25

20/20

Esodeviation after restriction of smartphone use, distance/near (PD)

35/35

30/30

30/30

15/15

8/12

12/4

Operation

BMR

BMR

BMR

Esodeviation at last follow up visit, distance/near (PD)

Ortho/Ortho

Ortho/Ortho

Ortho/Ortho

15/15

8/12

12/6

Sensory function at last follow up visit (arc seconds)

40

40

100

100

100

40

Bagolini striated glasses tset results after operation

Normal binocular single vision

Normal binocular single vision

Normal binocular single vision

Nil

Nil

Nil

Recurrence

Follow-up period (months)

14

12

8

11

4

6

B

Patient Number

7

8

9

10

11

12

Age (years)/Sex

15/F

16/M

15/F

7/M

16/F

12/F

Wearing spectacles

+

+

+

+

Duration of esotropia (months)

4

8

2

3

6

3

Smartphone use per day (hours)

8

5

5

4

8

8

Duration of smartphone use (months)

6

12

24

12

8

4

Presence of diplopia

+

+

+

+

+

Presenting VA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

UCVA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

1.0/1.0

1.0/1.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.8/0.8

0.4/0.4

BCVA, Rt/Lt (logMAR)

0.0

0.0

 

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

0.0/0.0

Manifest refraction (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

−4.25/

−4.75

−4.50/

−4.75

+0.50/

+0.25

+0.75/

+1.125

−7.5/

−7.5

−1.625/

−1.625

Cycloplegic refraction (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

−4.125/

−4.25

−3.50/

−4.00

+0.50/

+0.50

+1.0/

+1.25

−7.25/

−7.25

−1.5/

−1.375

Spectacle glasses power (SE), Rt/Lt (D)

−4.00/

−4.50

−4.00/

−4.375

Nil

Nil

−7.0/

−7.0

−1.50/

−1.375

Sensory function (arc seconds) at initial presentation

Nil

100

Nil

800

100

400

Bagolini striated glasses test results

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Unsuppressed esotropia

Esodeviation at initial presentation, distance/near (PD)

25/30

15/15

35/35

20/20

8/10

25/25

Esodeviation after restriction of smartphone use, distance/near (PD)

20/20

15/12

25/25

10/10

6/0

15/15

Operation

Esodeviation at last follow up visit, distance/near (PD)

20/20

15/12

25/25

10/10

6/0

15/15

Sensory function at last follow up visit (arc seconds)

Nil

100

Nil

100

60

100

Recurrence

Follow up period (months)

3

3

3

3

6

6

  1. Abbreviations: VA visual acuity, UCVA uncorrected visual acuity, BCVA best corrected visual acuity, Rt right, Lt left, PD prism diopter, SE spherical equivalent, D diopter, BMR bilateral medial rectus recession, Ortho Orthophoria