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Fig. 1 | BMC Ophthalmology

Fig. 1

From: The role of optical coherence tomography angiography in fundus vascular abnormalities

Fig. 1

Normal retinal vasculature and retinal vascular abnormalities showing by OCT angiograms. The normal appearance of the superficial (a1) and deep (a2) vascular plexus showed an intact fovea avascular zone (FAZ) surrounding by distinct and homogeneous web-like retinal vascular networks. Large retinal vessels in the superficial vascular plexus were reflected onto the deep vascular plexus (a2). The early phase of normal FA image was shown in (a5). FAZ was enlarged and extended superiorly (b1, b2) and temporally (c1, c2). Both the superficial and the deep vascular plexuses were affected. The nonperfusion areas were revealed superotemporally to the fovea and the vascular meshes became sparse and irregular with the tortuous and dilated residual capillaries (b1, b2). Microaneurysms showed as hyperreflective dots around the FAZ in both the superficial vascular plexus (c1) and the deep vascular plexus (c2). Retinal neovascularization was mainly located prior to the superficial vascular plexus (d1), distinctively delineated as flower-like branching loops. The nonperfusion areas in FA image (b5) seemed less profound than those in OCT angiograms. Microaneurysms were better illustrated in FA image (c5). The enlarged FAZs (b5, c5) and retinal neovascularization (d5) in FA images appeared identical in shape with those in corresponding OCT angiograms. The double lines in B scan OCT images of a3, a4, b3, b4, c3, c4, d3, and d4 indicated the layers exhibited in a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, d1, and d2 respectively. (Yellow dashed line: FAZ; Green dashed line: retinal nonperfusion area; Red arrowhead: microaneurysm; Red dashed line: retinal neovascularization)

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