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Fig. 4 | BMC Ophthalmology

Fig. 4

From: Assessment of near visual acuity in 0–13 year olds with normal and low vision: a systematic review

Fig. 4

Near visual acuities in children with visual impairment (VI) aged 3–9 years. LEA s1 = LEA line chart with 1× optotype spacing at self-chosen viewing distance. LEA s2 = LEA line chart with 0.5× optotype spacing at self-chosen viewing distance, and LEA f = LEA line chart with 0.5× optotype spacing at fixed distance of 40 cm. Note the difference of 0.16 logMAR between LEA s2 and LEA f which is due to differences in viewing distance. C u = Landolt C test with absolute spacing of ≥ 30 arc min, C c = Landolt C test with 2.6 arc min spacing. LEA u = Lea uncrowded symbols with absolute optotype spacing of ≥ 30 arc min. LEA c = Lea crowded symbols with 2.6 arc min optotype spacing. Error bars ± sem

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