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Table 2 Prevalence of eye diseases by demographics, eye care habits and in total

From: Ocular surface health in Shanghai University students: a cross-sectional study

 

Dry eye disease %(95% CI)a (N = 94)

P-value

Cornea fluorescein staining >1%(95% CI)a (N = 89)

P-value

Corneal perception test ≤ 30 mm %(95% CI)a (N = 105)

P-value

Age, years [n(%)]

 

0.6914b

 

0.0860b

 

0.8003b

 < 18

6.6%(2.5,13.8)

 

13.7%(7.7,22.0)

 

10.8%(5.5,18.5)

 

 18 ≤ age < 19

11.4%(8.0,15.6)

 

6.8%(4.3,10.2)

 

12.7%(9.3,16.9)

 

 19 ≤ age < 20

11.4%(6.2,18.7)

 

11.3%(6.3,18.2)

 

9.7%(5.1,16.3)

 

 20 ≤ age < 21

12.5%(6.4,21.3)

 

8.5%(3.7,16.1)

 

8.5%(3.7,16.1)

 

 21 ≤ age < 22

14.6%(7.8,24.2)

 

15.7%(8.9,25.0)

 

13.5%(7.2,22.4)

 

 ≥ 22

11.7%(7.1,17.8)

 

10.6%(6.4,16.2)

 

13.5%(8.8,19.6)

 

Gender [n (%)]

 

0.4143b

 

0.6014b

 

0.7361b

 Male

10.3%(7.4,14.0)

 

9.6%(6.9,12.9)

 

12.6%(9.5,16.3)

 

 Female

12.2%(9.3,15.5)

 

10.3%(7.8,13.3)

 

11.3%(8.7,14.4)

 

Near work [n (%)]

 

0.1296b

 

0.8785b

 

0.9049b

 No

10.0%(6.9,13.8)

 

10.6%(7.5,14.4)

 

11.2%(8.1,15.1)

 

 Yes

13.6%(10.5,17.2)

 

10.3%(7.7,13.4)

 

10.9%(8.2,14.2)

 

View for long time [n (%)]

 

0.0683b

 

0.4039b

 

0.0169b

 No

8.1%(4.5,13.2)

 

12.1%(7.7,17.7)

 

15.9%(10.9,22.1)

 

 Yes

13.2%(10.6,16.3)

 

9.9%(7.7,12.6)

 

9.6%(7.4,12.2)

 

Incorrect reading gesture [n (%)]

 

0.0624b

 

0.5986b

 

0.2197b

 No

9.5%(6.5,13.2)

 

9.8%(6.8,13.4)

 

9.5%(6.6,13.1)

 

 Yes

14.0%(10.8,17.6)

 

10.9%(8.2,14.1)

 

12.2%(9.4,15.6)

 

Play computers or video games for a long time [n (%)]

 

0.7056b

 

0.5224b

 

0.6531b

 No

11.6%(8.7,15.2)

 

11.1%(8.3,14.4)

 

10.6%(7.9,13.9)

 

 Yes

12.5%(9.2,16.5)

 

9.7%(6.8,13.2)

 

11.6%(8.5,15.4)

 

Study for over 8 h every day [n (%)]

 

0.0303b

 

0.7818b

 

0.3854b

 No

9.1%(6.5,12.2)

 

10.3%(7.7,13.5)

 

11.0%(8.3,14.2)

 

 Yes

13.9%(10.6,17.6)

 

9.8%(7.1,13.0)

 

12.9%(9.8,16.4)

 

Use mobile phone/computer for over 8 h every day [n (%)]

 

0.0099b

 

0.0233b

 

0.6436b

 No

9.1%(6.8,12.0)

 

8.3%(6.1,10.9)

 

12.3%(9.6,15.3)

 

 Yes

15.0%(11.2,19.5)

 

13.0%(9.6,17.1)

 

11.2%(8.0,15.1)

 

Often stay up late [n (%)]

 

0.2960b

 

0.6277b

 

0.0517b

 No

9.0%(5.0,14.6)

 

9.0%(5.1,14.5)

 

16.3%(11.0,22.8)

 

 Yes

11.9%(9.6,14.6)

 

10.3%(8.2,12.7)

 

10.8%(8.7,13.4)

 

Often wear eye makeup [n (%)]

 

0.0541b

 

0.2297b

 

0.4444b

 No

10.9%(8.8,13.3)

 

9.8%(7.9,12.0)

 

11.7%(9.6,14.0)

 

 Yes

21.1%(9.6,37.3)

 

15.8%(6.0,31.3)

 

15.8%(6.0,31.3)

 

Do outdoor exercises, eye exercises or overlooking with eyes [n (%)]

 

0.3515b

 

0.7346b

 

0.6941b

 No

12.9%(8.9,17.8)

 

10.5%(7.1,15.0)

 

12.5%(8.7,17.2)

 

 Yes

10.7%(8.3,13.4)

 

9.8%(7.6,12.4)

 

11.6%(9.2,14.3)

 

Do you wear contact lenses? [n (%)]

 

0.3279b

 

0.0766b

 

0.7296b

 No

11.5%(8.9,14.5)

 

9.2%(6.9,11.9)

 

11.5%(9.0,14.5)

 

 Yes

14.1%(9.6,19.8)

 

13.6%(9.2,19.2)

 

10.6%(6.7,15.8)

 
  1. BMI body mass index, L left eye. R right eye, SD standard deviation
  2. aThe Exact Unconditional Confidence Interval
  3. bPearson Chi-Square test
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