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Table 1 Amblyopia outcome measures and measurements

From: Development of a core outcome set for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders: a review to identify outcome measures

Outcome measure domain

Studies reported the outcome measure (n/42)

Variable subdomains of outcome measure

Variable outcome measurements

References

Visual acuity

36 (86%)

BCVA (median/ mean change,IOD,≥2 line improvement) 38

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity UDVA 1

Near Visual Acuity 1

Binocular VA 1

Age appropriate test 23

HOTV 7

ETDRS 5

Snellen eye chart 4

The Crowded Acuity Test (Glasgow Acuity Test) 2

Tumbling E charts 2

Bailey-Lovie 1

Allen Figs. 1

[3, 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20, 22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34, 36,37,38,39,40, 43,44,45,46,47,48]

Stereopsis

17 (40%)

Near Stereopsis/

binocularity/sensory outcomes 16

Stereo sensitivity 1

Randot Preschool Stereoacuity Test 4

Lang stereo test II 2

Bagolini glasses response (at near & distance) 2

The Frisby test 2

[11, 12, 15, 20, 23,24,25,26,27,28, 31, 34, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48]

Adverse events

14 (33%)

  

[3, 11,12,13, 15, 16, 25, 27, 34, 35, 44, 47,48,49]

Health-related quality of life

9 (21%)

HRQoL 9

Emotional impact 1

Social stigma scores 1

Amblyopia Treatment Index 4

Amblyopia

and Strabismus Q 2

Psychological Impact Q 2

Patching Success Q 1

CVFQ 1

SPPC 1

VF-14 1

Protection Motivation Theory Q 1

Interviews 1

Mean Rutter behaviour scores 1

[3, 11, 12, 15, 37, 41, 47, 48, 50]

Compliance

8 (19%)

 

Objective occlusion dose monitoring 3

Parental treatment diaries 2

[12, 15, 25, 27, 30, 34, 37, 44]

Refractive outcomes

5 (12%)

Median spherical equivalent 3

Refractive outcome 2

Spherical and cylindrical refraction 1

Manifest and cycloplegic refractions 1

[13, 14, 23, 24, 31]

Ocular alignment

5 (12%)

 

Simultaneous prism and

Cover test SPCT 4

Cover test 1

[27, 31, 34, 42, 44]

Economic data

3 (7%)

Cost data 3

Cost- effectiveness 1

 

[3, 47, 48]

Visual evoked potentials

2 (5%)

M-VEP amplitude & latency 1

VEP latency 1

 

[16, 46]

Detection by Photoscreeners

1 (2%)

 

MTI photoscreener 1

PowerRefractor 1

PowerRefractor II 1

Plusoptix photoscreener series 1

iScreen 1

Spot 1

[1]

  1. BCVA, Best Corrected Visual Acuity, IOD inter-ocular difference, ETDRS Electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study, UDVA Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity, HR-QoL Health-related quality of life, Q questionnaire, CVFQ Children’s Visual Function Questionnaire, SPPC Self-Perception Profile for Children, VF-14 Visual Function Index, VEP Visual Evoked Potential, M-VEP multifocal VEP