From: Convergence insufficiency and accommodative insufficiency in children
Condition | Signs |
---|---|
NBV | 1. Distance phoria: between 3∆ exo and 2∆ eso |
2. Near phoria: between 6∆ exo and 2∆ eso | |
3. Near NFV ≥ x/7/3 (∆) | |
4. Near PFV ≥ x/15/10 (∆) | |
5. NPC break ≤6 cm | |
6. Amplitude of Accommodation (RE): AA > (15–0,25*Age)-2 (Hofstetter’s minimum age formula) | |
7. Monocular Accommodative Facility (RE): MAF ≥ 6 cpm | |
CI | 8. Near exophoria 4∆ greater than distance phoria |
9. PFV break < 15∆ or failing Sheard’s criterion | |
10. NPC break > 6 cm | |
AI | 11. Monocular AA 2D ≤ Hofstetter’s minimum age formula: 15–0,25*Age |
12. MAF < 6 cpm (difficulty clearing − 2,00D) | |
OBD | OBD’s include children with tests outside normal limits not included in previously categories. |