Table 2 Primary outcomes from baseline (1 year) - Change in refractive error
Outcome | Comparison | Number of subjects (primary studies) | Measure of effect (95% CI) | Direction of effect | I2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change in refractive error | Undercorrected versus fully corrected spectacles | 142 (2) | MD = 0.15 (0.00 to 0.29) | Favours fully corrected spectacles | 0 |
Bifocal spectacles versus SVLs | 259 (2) | MD = − 0.09 (− 0.19 to 0.02) | Favours bifocal spectacles | 0 | |
1% atropine versus placebo - RCTs | 604 (3) | MD = − 0.78 (− 1.30 to − 0.25) | Favours atropine | 97 | |
1% atropine versus control - cohort studies | 798 (3) | MD = − 0.39 (− 0.59 to − 0.19) | Favours atropine | 26 | |
0.025 and 0.05% atropine versus control | 224 (3) | MD = − 0.51 (− 0.60 to − 0.41) | Favours atropine | 9 | |
0.01% atropine versus control | 60 (1) | MD = − 0.50 (− 0.76 to − 0.24) | Favours atropine | N/A | |
2% pirenzepine gel versus placebo | 84 (1) | MD = − 0.30 (− 0.51 to − 0.09) | Favours pirenzepine | N/A | |
RGPCLs versus spectacles or SCLs | 420 (2) | MD = − 0.08 (− 0.19 to 0.02) | Favours RGPCLs | 91 | |
Concentric ring bifocal SCLs versus SVSCLs | 264 (3) | MD = − 0.31 (− 0.60 to 0.02) | Favours concentric ring bifocal SCLs | 88 | |
Peripheral add multifocal SCLs versus SVLs - RCTs | 294 (5) | MD = − 0.23 (− 0.31 to − 0.14) | Favours peripheral add multifocal SCLs | 0 | |
ΟΚ versus SCLs or SVLs | 39 (1) | MD = − 0.27 (− 0.50 to − 0.04) | Favours OK | N/A | |
PALs versus SVLs | 206 (2) | MD = − 0.10 (− 0.21 to 0.00) | Favours PALs | 0 |