Skip to main content

Table 7 Multivariate analyses for the factors associated with degree of astigmatism among those with astigmatism (N = 680)

From: Astigmatism in school students of eastern China: prevalence, type, severity and associated risk factors

  

Multivariate Model 1: without including spherical equivalent *

Multivariate Model 2: including spherical equivalent§

Demographics

N

Mean cylinder in diopter (SE)

P-value

Mean cylinder in diopter (SE)

P-value

Grade

  

0.91

 

0.93

 Kindergarten

29

2.14 (0.18)

 

2.13 (0.19)

 

 Grade 1

27

2.31 (0.19)

 

2.38 (0.19)

 

 Grade 2

26

2.12 (0.19)

 

2.18 (0.20)

 

 Grade 3

30

2.14 (0.18)

 

2.15 (0.18)

 

 Grade 4

28

2.24 (0.18)

 

2.27 (0.18)

 

 Grade 5

41

2.03 (0.15)

 

2.02 (0.18)

 

 Grade 6

55

2.34 (0.13)

 

2.26 (0.15)

 

 Grade 7

57

2.03 (0.13)

 

1.96 (0.13)

 

 Grade 8

58

2.15 (0.13)

 

2.07 (0.13)

 

 Grade 9

68

2.23 (0.12)

 

2.13 (0.13)

 

 Grade 10

96

2.21 (0.10)

 

2.10 (0.11)

 

 Grade 11

83

2.29 (0.11)

 

2.10 (0.12)

 

 Grade 12

82

2.24 (0.11)

 

2.06 (0.12)

 

Gender

  

0.08

 

0.04

 Male

427

2.26 (0.06)

 

2.21 (0.05)

 

 Female

253

2.12 (0.05)

 

2.06 (0.06)

 

School location

  

0.57

 

0.57

 Urban

427

2.17 (0.06)

 

2.12 (0.06)

 

 Rural

253

2.21 (0.06)

 

2.16 (0.07)

 

Spherical equivalent of more astigmatic eye (diopters)

    

0.007

  ≤ −6

174

  

2.50 (0.09)

 

  > −6, ≤ −5

75

  

2.24 (0.12)

 

  > −5, ≤ −4

90

  

2.09 (0.11)

 

  > −4, ≤ −3

84

  

2.14 (0.11)

 

  > −3, ≤ −2

54

  

2.19 (0.14)

 

  > − 2, ≤ −1

67

  

2.25 (0.12)

 

  > −1, ≤ −0.5

35

  

1.92 (0.17)

 

  > − 0.5, < 0.5

48

  

1.98 (0.14)

 

  ≥ 0.5, < 1.0

20

  

1.83 (0.22)

 

  ≥ 1.0

33

  

2.26 (0.17)

 
  1. *Multivariate model 1 included grade, gender and school location
  2. §Multivariate model 2 included grade, gender, school location and spherical equivalent