Multivariate Model 1: without including spherical equivalent * | Multivariate Model 2: including spherical equivalent§ | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | N | Mean cylinder in diopter (SE) | P-value | Mean cylinder in diopter (SE) | P-value |
Grade | 0.91 | 0.93 | |||
Kindergarten | 29 | 2.14 (0.18) | 2.13 (0.19) | ||
Grade 1 | 27 | 2.31 (0.19) | 2.38 (0.19) | ||
Grade 2 | 26 | 2.12 (0.19) | 2.18 (0.20) | ||
Grade 3 | 30 | 2.14 (0.18) | 2.15 (0.18) | ||
Grade 4 | 28 | 2.24 (0.18) | 2.27 (0.18) | ||
Grade 5 | 41 | 2.03 (0.15) | 2.02 (0.18) | ||
Grade 6 | 55 | 2.34 (0.13) | 2.26 (0.15) | ||
Grade 7 | 57 | 2.03 (0.13) | 1.96 (0.13) | ||
Grade 8 | 58 | 2.15 (0.13) | 2.07 (0.13) | ||
Grade 9 | 68 | 2.23 (0.12) | 2.13 (0.13) | ||
Grade 10 | 96 | 2.21 (0.10) | 2.10 (0.11) | ||
Grade 11 | 83 | 2.29 (0.11) | 2.10 (0.12) | ||
Grade 12 | 82 | 2.24 (0.11) | 2.06 (0.12) | ||
Gender | 0.08 | 0.04 | |||
Male | 427 | 2.26 (0.06) | 2.21 (0.05) | ||
Female | 253 | 2.12 (0.05) | 2.06 (0.06) | ||
School location | 0.57 | 0.57 | |||
Urban | 427 | 2.17 (0.06) | 2.12 (0.06) | ||
Rural | 253 | 2.21 (0.06) | 2.16 (0.07) | ||
Spherical equivalent of more astigmatic eye (diopters) | 0.007 | ||||
≤ −6 | 174 | 2.50 (0.09) | |||
> −6, ≤ −5 | 75 | 2.24 (0.12) | |||
> −5, ≤ −4 | 90 | 2.09 (0.11) | |||
> −4, ≤ −3 | 84 | 2.14 (0.11) | |||
> −3, ≤ −2 | 54 | 2.19 (0.14) | |||
> − 2, ≤ −1 | 67 | 2.25 (0.12) | |||
> −1, ≤ −0.5 | 35 | 1.92 (0.17) | |||
> − 0.5, < 0.5 | 48 | 1.98 (0.14) | |||
≥ 0.5, < 1.0 | 20 | 1.83 (0.22) | |||
≥ 1.0 | 33 | 2.26 (0.17) |