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Table 3 Demographic features, laboratory data and ocular findings of three subgroups of diabetic patients

From: The findings of corneal specular microscopy in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

 

Without DR (n: 68)

Background DR (n:56)

Proliferative DR (n:71)

P1

P2

P3

Gender (M/F)

28/40

24/32

35/36

0.56

0.14

0.24

Age (years)

61.50 ± 7.791

63.77 ± 8.17

62.37 ± 7.07

0.145

0.124

0.247

Diabetes duration (years)

5.32 ± 2.06

9.07 ± 3.92

13.25 ± 4.33

0.001

0.001

0.001

Fasting Blood Glucose (mg/dl)

139.33 ± 36.50

189.53 ± 50.06

203.51 ± 57.91

0.001

0.001

0.004

Hemoglobin A 1c (%)

7.02 ± 1.15

8.46 ± 1.41

9.13 ± 1.45

0.001

0.001

0.001

Blood urea nitrogen

30.56 ± 9.11

39.81 ± 12.02

43.92 ± 13.97

0.001

0.001

0.001

Creatinine

0.80 ± 0.27

1.01 ± 0.31

1.17 ± 0.26

0.001

0.001

0.001

Urine albumin-creatinine ratio (mg/g·Cre)

9.87 ± 4.86

52.47 ± 42.72

113.30 ± 64.58

0.001

0.001

0.001

Endothelial Cell Density (cells/m2)

2495.83 ± 365.39

2392.28 ± 462.73

2384.06 ± 432.98

0.043

0.021

0.872

Average cell size (μm2)

403.22 ± 64.22

446.92 ± 79.08

452.16 ± 62.11

0.012

0.009

0.308

Coefficient of Variation (%)

30.04 ± 5.29

31.34 ± 5.46

33.58 ± 5.58

0.044

0.004

0.408

Hexagonal cell ratio (%)

66.16 ± 6.43

65.20 ± 5.80

64.60 ± 7.84

0.437

0.412

0.116

Central corneal thickness (μ)

536.29 ± 51.68

538.84 ± 34.52

541.99 ± 33.21

0.467

0.278

0.654

  1. M male, F female; p1 p value of the comparison between Without DR and Background DR groups; p2 p value of the comparison between Without DR and Proliferative DR groups; p3 p value of the comparison between Background DR and Proliferative DR groups