Cataract and glaucoma combined surgery: XEN® gel stent versus nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy, a pilot study

BMC Ophthalmology

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristic	Total (n = 105)	XEN (n = 47)	NPDS (n = 58)	p-value
Age, years, mean ± SD		72.1 ± 8.7	69.3 ± 8.2	0.10^a
Sex
Female	47	21 (45)	26 (45)	0.98^b
Male	58	26 (55)	32 (55)	0.98^b
First-degree relatives with POAG	27	11 (23)	16 (28)	0.63^b
African ethnicity
Yes	17	6 (13)	11 (19)	0.39^b
No	88	41 (87)	47 (81)	0.39^b
Diabetes	21	8 (17)	13 (22)	0.49^b
Preoperative Humphrey visual field (24–2)
MD [dB], mean ± SD		−11.54 ± 8.39	−15.78 ± 9.50	0.04^a
PSD [dB], mean ± SD		7.05 ± 3.53	8.00 ± 3.98	0.26^a
VFI [%], mean ± SD		66.5 ± 29.68	53.31 ± 32.95	0.12^a
Foveal threshold [dB], mean ± SD		31.11 ± 6.39	28.23 ± 6.35	0.16^a
Duration of glaucoma, years ± SD		12.17 ± 8.81	10.77 ± 8.55	0.62^a
Preoperative BCVA, LogMAR ± SD		0.28 ± 0.16	0.36 ± 0.24	0.15^a
Mean pachymetry, μm ± SD		521.8 ± 31.4	518 ± 47.21	0.67^a
Cup-to-disc ratio ± SD		0.80 ± 0.18	0.85 ± 0.16	0.21^a
Disease type
POAG Pigment dispersion PEXG NTG High myopia Cortisone-induced	77 (73) 3 (3) 16 (15) 1 (1) 3 (3) 5 (5)	34 (73) 2 (4) 8 (17) 1 (2) 0 (0) 2 (4)	43 (74) 1 (2) 8 (14) 0 (0) 3 (5) 3 (5)	0.71^b
Antiglaucoma medication, mean ± SD		2.66 ± 1.07	2.93 ± 0.88	0.16^a
Preoperative SLT		14 (30)	28 (48)	0.1^b
Preoperative acetazolamide tablet, mean ± SD		0.86 ± 1.24	0.66 ± 1.04	0.38^a

The results are displayed as n (%) for categorical variables
SD standard deviation, NPDS nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy, HFA Humphrey visual field analyzer, MD mean deviation, PSD pattern standard deviation, VFI visual field index, BCVA best corrected visual acuity, POAG primary open-angle glaucoma, PEXG pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, NTG normal-tension glaucoma, SLT selective laser trabeculoplasty
^a Student t-test
^b chi-squared test

ISSN: 1471-2415