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Table 2 Comparison of incidence densities of Tinnitus and hazard ratio between with and without Early-onset cataract by demographic characteristics and comorbidity

From: Increased risk of tinnitus in patients with early-onset cataracts: a nationwide population-based case-control study

 

Early-onset cataract

  
 

No

Yes

  
 

Event

PY

Rate#

Event

PY

Rate#

Crude HR*(95% CI)

Adjusted HR† (95% CI)

All

194

40,186

4.83

73

9913

7.36

1.53 (1.17, 2.01)**

1.32 (1.00, 1.73)*

Gender

 Women

116

20,373

5.69

41

5043

8.13

1.43 (1.00, 2.05)*

1.25 (0.87, 1.79)

 Men

78

19,813

3.94

32

4869

6.57

1.68 (1.11, 2.53)*

1.41 (0.93, 2.15)

Stratify age

  ≤ 35

4

3872

1.03

8

966

8.28

7.97 (2.40, 26.5)***

6.04 (1.74, 21.0)**

 36–45

26

9493

2.74

16

2341

6.84

2.50 (1.34, 4.66)**

2.46 (1.31, 4.61)**

 46–55

164

26,821

6.11

49

6606

7.42

1.22 (0.89, 1.68)

1.09 (0.79, 1.50)

Comorbidity‡

 No

96

27,707

3.46

31

5476

5.66

1.63 (1.09, 2.44)*

1.58 (1.05, 2.37)*

 Yes

98

12,479

7.85

42

4436

9.47

1.21 (0.84, 1.73)

1.20 (0.84, 1.73)

Follow-up time‡

  ≤ 4 years

113

25,582

4.42

40

6404

6.25

1.42 (0.99, 2.03)

1.13 (0.78, 1.63)

  > 4 years

81

14,604

5.55

33

3509

9.40

1.70 (1.13, 2.54)*

1.62 (1.08, 2.44)*

  1. Rate#, incidence rate, per 1000 person-years; Crude HR*, relative hazard ratio; Adjusted HR†: multivariable analysis including age, gender, and comorbidities of vertigo, insomnia, anxiety, and hearing loss; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
  2. Comorbidity‡: Patients with any one of the comorbidities vertigo, insomnia, anxiety, and hearing loss were classified as the comorbidity group
  3. ‡The follow-up time is partitioned into 2 segments (years ≤4, and > 4 years) by median
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BMC Ophthalmology

ISSN: 1471-2415

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