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Table 3 Comparison of categorical distribution of visual acuity at 3-month follow-up with various risk factors

From: Factors affecting final functional outcomes in open‐globe injuries and use of ocular trauma score as a predictive tool in Nepalese population

Parameters

VA at 3 months

NPL

PL/ HM

1/60–5/60

6/60 − 6/15

>= 6/12

Total

p value

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

VA at presentation

NPL

8(57.1)

3(21.4)

1(7.1)

2(14.3)

0(0)

14(100)

< 0.001a

PL/ HM

2(5.7)

11(31.4)

11(31.4)

6(17.1)

5(14.3)

35(100)

1/60–5/60

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

5(55.6)

4(44.4)

9(100)

6/60–6/15

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

2(40)

3(60)

5(100)

>= 6/12

0(0)

0(0)

0(0)

1(10)

9(90)

10(100)

Total

10(13.7)

14(19.2)

12(16.4)

16(21.9)

21(28.8)

73(100)

Zones of injury

Zone I

5(13.5)

3(8.1)

3(8.1)

10(27)

16(43.2)

37(100)

0.001b

Zone II

0(0)

7(35)

5(25)

5(25)

3(15)

20(100)

Zone III

5(31.3)

4(25)

4(25)

1(6.3)

2(12.5)

16(100)

Total

10(13.7)

14(19.2)

12(16.4)

16(21.9)

21(28.8)

73(100)

Ruptured globes

Present

4(44.4)

4(44.4)

1(11.1)

0(0)

0(0)

9(100)

0.001b

Absent

6(9.4)

10(15.6)

11(17.2)

16(25)

21(32.8)

64(100)

Total

10(13.7)

14(19.2)

12(16.4)

16(21.9)

21(28.8)

73(100)

Endophthalmitis

Present

6(66.7)

1(11.1)

1(11.1)

1(11.1)

0(0)

9(100)

0.001b

Absent

4(6.3)

13(20.3)

11(17.2)

15(23.4)

21(32.8)

64(100)

Total

10(13.7)

14(19.2)

12(16.4)

16(21.9)

21(28.8)

73(100)

Intra vitreal injections

Yes

8 (16)

12 (24)

9 (18)

13 (26)

8 (16)

50 (100)

0.013b

No

2 (8.7)

2 (8.7)

3 (13)

3 (13)

13 (56.5)

23 (100)

Total

10 (13.7)

14 (19.2)

12 (16.4)

16 (21.9)

21 (28.8)

73 (100)

Time to presentation

<6 hours

0 (0)

5 (16.7)

6 (20)

4 (13.3)

15 (50)

30 (100)

0.001b

6–24 hours

3 (13)

4 (17.4)

4 (17.4)

9 (39.1)

3 (13)

23 (100)

> 2 days

7 (36.84)

25 (26.31)

2 (10.52)

2 (10.52)

3 (15.78)

19 (100)

Total

10 (13.7)

14 (19.2)

12 (16.4)

16 (21.9)

21 (28.8)

73 (100)

  1. VA Visual acuity, NPL No light perception, LP Light perception, HM Hand movements
  2. aMcnemar’s chi- squared test
  3. bFisher’s exact test