Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of variables on logarithm-transformed ocular staining score
From: Factors associated with ocular surface epithelial damage in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Beta (SE) | P-value | Beta (SE) | P-value | |
Age (y) | 0.009 (0.006) | 0.136 | -0.011 (0.005) | 0.043 |
Sex, n (%) | ||||
Male | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | ||
Female | 0.005 (0.309) | 0.988 | -0.097 (0.250) | 0.699 |
Duration of disease (m) | 0.003 (0.001) | 0.029 | 0.003 (0.001) | 0.008 |
Pharmacological history, n (%) | ||||
Topical Cyclosporine | 0.551 (0.185) | 0.004 | -0.008 (0.161) | 0.962 |
Positive serology % (n) | ||||
Anti-SSA/Ro antibody | 0.274 (0.157) | 0.086 | -0.082 (0.144) | 0.572 |
Anti-SSB/La antibody | 0.504 (0.140) | 0.001 | 0.103 (0.142) | 0.476 |
Antinuclear antibody, (≥1: 80) | 0.235 (0.135) | 0.087 | 0.191 (0.122) | 0.123 |
Rheumatoid factor | 0.315 (0.132) | 0.020 | 0.096 (0.114) | 0.404 |
Ocular surface parameters | ||||
Schirmer’s test I value (mm) | -0.038 (0.008) | <0.001 | -0.012 (0.007) | 0.105 |
FBUT (seconds) | -0.230 (0.026) | <0.001 | -0.183 (0.033) | <0.001 |
MGD grade (0–4) | 0.432 (0.076) | <0.001 | 0.192 (0.095) | 0.049 |
Parameters using K5M | ||||
NIKBUT-first (seconds) | -0.069 (0.035) | 0.054 | 0.053 (0.030) | 0.084 |
Oral parameters | ||||
Subjective oral score (0–3) | 0.258 (0.093) | 0.007 | 0.074 (0.067) | 0.279 |
NSWSF (mL/min) | -0.122 (0.047) | 0.011 | -0.025 (0.045) | 0.578 |