Fig. 1

Distribution of non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic SE. The values (mean ± SD) of the non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic SE in different refractive groups for Cyclopentolate Group autorefraction (A), Cyclopentolate Group subjective refraction (B), Tropicamide Group autorefraction (C) and Tropicamide Group subjective refraction (D). Hyperopia: SE > + 0.50 D; Emmetropia: − 0.5D < SE ≤ + 0.5D; Low Myopia: − 3.0D < SE ≤ − 0.5D; Moderate Myopia: − 6.0D < SE ≤ − 3.0D; High Myopia: SE ≤ − 6.0 D; D: Diopter