Increased risk of Parkinson’s disease among patients with age-related macular degeneration

BMC Ophthalmology

Table 4 Hazard ratio of Parkinson’s disease associated with different types of age-related macular degeneration

Variable	Parkinson’s disease			Crude HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)
Variable	Event	PY	IR	Crude HR (95%CI)	Adjusted HR (95%CI)
Type of Age-related Macular Degeneration
Unspecified AMD (ICD-9-CM code: 362.50)
No	326	64,236	5.08	1(reference)	1(reference)
Yes	382	51,939	7.35	1.45 (1.25–1.68)***	1.33 (1.14–1.54)***
Non-neovascular AMD (ICD-9-CM code: 362.51)
No	634	107,589	5.89	1(reference)	1(reference)
Yes	74	8587	8.62	1.46 (1.15–1.86)**	1.19 (0.94–1.52)
Neovascular AMD (ICD-9-CM code: 362.52)
No	666	110,575	6.02	1(reference)	1(reference)
Yes	42	5600	7.50	1.25 (0.91–1.70)	1.09 (0.80–1.49)

Abbreviations: aHR Adjusted Hazard Ratio estimated by the model including the variables of age-related macular degeneration, sex, age, osteoporosis, diabetes, cirrhosis, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, statin, and CCB, CCB Calcium Channel Blocker, CI Confidence Interval, HR Hazard Ratio, IR Incidence Rate, per 1000 person-years, PY Person-Years
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-2415