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Table 3 Outcome stratified by baseline HbA1c level

From: The effect of insulin on response to intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in diabetic macular edema in type 2 diabetes mellitus

 

Insulin

OHA

P value*(95% CI)

HbA1c > 7.0 g/dl

N = 111

N = 40

 

  Baseline BCVA (approxETDRS letters)

64.88 (12.14)

63.05 (14.42)

0.476 (-3.27, 6.94)

  Final BCVA (approxETDRS letters)

69.76 (9.51)

65.68 (16.48)

0.145 (-1.46, 9.62)

  BCVA change (approxETDRS letters)

4.87 (10.11)

2.63 (12.75)

0.434 (-1.00, 5.00)

  Baseline CMT (microns)

386.16 (109.14)

393.25 (119.46)

0.743 (-50.12, 35.95)

  Final CMT (microns)

319.37 (69.67)

315.05 (84.72)

0.774 (-25.57, 34.21)

  CMT change (microns)

-66.78 (107.51)

-78.20 (123.30)

0.704 (-24.00, 34.99)

  Injection number

8.27 (3.08)

7.60 (3.22)

0.259 (-0.50, 1.84)

HbA1c ≤ 7.0 g/dl

N = 26

N = 21

 

  Baseline BCVA (approxETDRS letters)

60.65 (15.95)

66.00 (8.06)

0.145 (-12.61, 1.91)

  Final BCVA (approxETDRS letters)

62.23 (20.70)

66.57 (13.60)

0.393 (-14.48, 5.80)

  BCVA change (approxETDRS letters)

1.58 (15.14)

0.57 (8.97)

0.845 (-5.00, 5.00)

  Baseline CMT (microns)

355.42 (53.72)

403.10 (104.55)

0.068 (-99.11, 3.77)

  Final CMT (microns)

316.88 (66.58)

337.38 (95.82)

0.411 (-70.57, 29.58)

  CMT change (microns)

-38.54 (72.18)

-65.71 (124.70)

0.391 (-26.99, 89.99)

  Injection number

8.19 (2.91)

8.76 (3.28)

0.538 (-2.42, 1.28)

  1. Abbreviations: BCVA Best corrected visual acuity, CMT Central macular thickness, CI Confidence interval, approxETDRS Approximate early treatment diabetic retinopathy study, OHA Oral hypoglycemic agent
  2. Data are presented as means ± SD. N represents the total case number (percentage) in each group. *p-values are for a difference between insulin and OHA group. 95% CI is for the difference between the means of the two groups. Independent t-test/Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables between treatment groups; Significant p-values are in bold