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Table 2 Association of awareness of cataract, glaucoma, night blindness, trachoma, diabetic retinopathy in relation to age, sex, education, literacy and location (n = 1741)

From: Health literacy of common ocular diseases in Nepal

Variables

Total number

    Awareness

  

Cataract

Glaucoma

Night blindness

Trachoma

Diabetic retinopathy

Part A

Grand Total

1741

863(49.6)

370(21.3)

841(48.3)

1 06(6.1)

504(29.0)

Part B: Location a

Semi-urban general population

893

484(54.2)

256(28.7)

473(52.9)

65(7.3)

326(36.5)

Urban hospital-outpatient clinic

431

237(54.9)

78(18.1)

252(58.5)

36(8.4)

112(25.9)

Rural outreach clinics (camps)

417

142(34.1)

36(8.6)

116(27.8)

5(1.2)

66(15.8)

Part C: Age group(years) b

<20

142

84(59.2)

31(21.8)

105(73.9)

8(5.6)

52(36.6)

20-29

411

253(61.6)

112(27.3)

271(65.9)

41(10.0)

155(37.7)

30-39

323

175(54.2)

79(24.5)

157(48.6)

24(7.4)

108(33.4)

40-49

284

136(47.9)

68(23.9)

137(48.2)

22(7.7)

83(29.2)

50-59

224

91(40.6)

42(18.8)

83(37.1)

7(3.1)

50(22.3)

60-69

197

63(32.0)

21(10.7)

51(25.9)

2(1.0)

34(17.3)

≥70

160

61(38.1)

17(10.6)

37(23.1)

2(1.3)

22(13.8)

Part D: Gender c

Male

950

532(56)

225(23.7)

514(54.1)

70(7.4)

290(30.5)

Female

791

331(41.8)

145(18.3)

327(41.3)

36(4.6)

214(27.1)

Part E: Education d

No education

582

165(28.4)

65(11.2)

141(24.2)

11(1.9)

88(15.1)

Less than primary

239

118(49.4)

47(19.7)

101(42.3)

9(3.8)

69(28.9)

Primary

189

84(44.4)

35(18.5)

73(38.6)

10(5.3)

35(18.5)

Secondary

341

193(56.6)

67(19.6)

190(55.7)

18(5.3)

95(27.9)

Higher secondary

390

303(77.7)

156(40.0)

336(86.2)

58(14.9)

217(55.6)

Literacy e

Literate

582

165(28.4)

65(11.2)

141(24.2)

11(1.9)

88(15.1)

Illiterate

1159

698(60.2)

305(26.3)

700(60.4)

95(8.2)

416(35.9)

  1. ap<0.001 for cataract, glaucoma, night blindness, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy, Pearson chi-square test.
  2. bp = 0.005 for cataract, p<0.001 for glaucoma, night blindness and diabetic retinopathy and P = 0.019 for trachoma, Spearman’s rho test.
  3. cp<0.001 for cataract and night blindness, p = 0.007 for glaucoma, p = 0.014 for trachoma, and p = 0.112 for diabetic retinopathy, Pearson chi-square test.
  4. dp=0.037 for cataract and night blindness, p = 0.188 for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, and p = 0.005 for trachoma, Spearman’s rho test.
  5. ep<0.001 for cataract, glaucoma, night blindness, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy, Pearson chi-square test.