Fig. 1

Force Gauge Apparatus. A force gauge apparatus consisting of a Mecmesin M500E Motorized Tension and Compression Stand, Mecmesin 100 N Advanced Force Gauge and custom grips and compressors were designed and calibrated by JA King & Company. a: The compressors were designed to mimic ballpoint fingertip contact with a bottle tip. b: For each medication, the bottle was housed in the apparatus and clamps were adjusted until the ballpoint compressors were located at mid bottle length. The L-shaped compression clamp was then adjusted until the force gauge sensor was centered on the crosshairs of the clamp at a 90-degree angle