Table 3 Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria of all researches

Gurkan.et al.2021 [30]

1. No improvement in visual function after eyeglasses

or contact lens application.

2. Due to excessive irregular astigmatism, advanced crystalline lens decentration in which the edge of the crystalline lens came up to the optical axis.

3. The dislocation of the crystalline lens resulting in aphakia and secondary glaucoma due to lens dislocation

4. Patients who had undergone lens extraction with secondary IOL implantation at the same session

1. Glaucoma, ocular inflammation uveitis

2. Vitreoretinal interface disorder.

3. Preoperative retinal break with or without retinal detachment (RD)

Jae.et al.2020 [20]

1.IOL removal

2.IOL SF due to IOL dislocation

1. Any other retinal or choroidal diseases including diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinal detachment, and age-related macular degeneration

2. A history of trauma including corneoscleral laceration

3. Corneal diseases including corneal opacity or corneal dystrophy.

4. Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 6/60 with aphakic correction

Gurkan.et al.2016 [9]

Vitrectomized aphakic eyes lacking capsular support

1. Follow-up period of < 3 months

2. Preoperative corneal opacity

Dariusz.et al.2016 [31]

1. Total absence of capsular bag,

2. History of eye trauma or complicated cataract surgery causing aphakia,

3. Regular 1 year follow-up

-

Kyu.et al.2021 [18]

1. Aphakia as a complication of cataract surgery with loss of capsular and/or zonular support

2. Posttraumatic aphakia

3. IOL dislocation without adequate capsular support

4. Congenital crystalline lens dislocation

-

Yu.et al.2018 [23]

1. IOL subluxation

2. Iris capture

3. Lens subluxation

4. Aphakia after cataract extraction

1. Patients with incomplete operative or postoperative medical records

2. Postoperative follow-up of < 1 month

Manavi.et al.2016 [17]

1. Post-traumatic aphakia

2. Aphakia as a complication of cataract surgery with loss of capsular and/or zonular support

3. Preoperative CDVA of at least 6/60 with aphakic correction

4. Dislocation of the crystalline lens after closed-globe injury

5. Aphakia after open-globe repair

6. Eyes that had additional surgical procedures, such as retinal detachment (RD) repair or vitrectomy for traumatic endophthalmitis, before scleral-fixated IOL implantation

-

Mariya.et al.2022 [32]

1. Aphakia with defcient capsular support

2. Dislocated and subluxated IOL or crystalline lens

3. Scleral fxation of IOL in combination with glaucoma drainage valve implant

4. Corneal Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK)

Less than 1 month follow up

Yalcinbayir.et al.2021 [33]

1. Partial or complete dislocation of the crystalline lens or IOL

2. Minimum follow up of 3 months

1. Adequate capsular support

2. History of ocular inflammation,

3. Bleeding disorders

4. Less than 3 months of follow-up

Sül.et al.2020 [34]

Aphakias after only cataract surgeries

1. Dilated pupil diameter > 4.5 mm

2. History of ocular disorders such as uveitis, high refractive error, retinitis pigmentosa, aphakic glaucoma

3. History of ocular trauma before cataract surgery

Daniel.et al.2021(1) [16]

1. Trauma

2. Previous (complicated) eye surgery

3. Zonular weakness (e.g. PEX, Marfan syndrome)

4. Congenital aniridia

5. Uveitis

6. Pigment dispersion glaucoma

7. Aphakia (e.g. after extraction of congenital cataract)

8. IOL refixation following previous scleral fixation

-

Daniel.et al.2021(2) [16]

1.Trauma

2.Previous (complicated) eye surgery

3.Zonular weakness (e.g. PEX, Marfan syndrome)

4.Congenital aniridia

5.Uveitis

6.Pigment dispersion glaucoma

7.Aphakia (e.g. after extraction of congenital cataract)

8.IOL refixation following previous scleral fixation

-

Yodpong.et al.2018 [22]

1. Aphakic with inadequate anterior capsular support

2. Phakic patients with severe zonular instability resulting from complicated cataract surgery, trauma

3. Prior retinal surgery

1. Severe retinal damage resulting in poor prognosis for visual benefit after surgery

2. Systemic disease whose anti-platelet therapy could not be discontinued

Bruna.et al.2019 [19]

1. Complication during phaco-emulsifcation

2. Lens subluxation and ocular trauma

3. Postoperative period shorter than 1 month

4. Uncooperative patients

5. Aniridia, ocular trauma with relevant disruption of the anterior segment anatomy

6. Previous glaucoma or corneal surgery (except for refractive surgery)

7. patients who did not agree to participate in the study and did not provide informed consent

Zhang.et al.2021 [21]

1. Trauma or other factors cause lesions of the suspensory ligament or injury of the lens capsule, resulting in insufficient strength to support the intraocular lens after extraction of the diseased lens

2. Postoperative aphakic eyes or capsule retention is not enough to support intraocular lens

3. Dislocation of intraocular lens can not be reset

1. Obvious scleral scar near the horizontal bilateral limbal 1 ~ 3 mm caused by eyeball penetrating injury or previous operation history

2. Patients with a history of scleritis, or significantly lengthened eye axis and thinned sclera in high myopia

3. The number of corneal endothelial cells is lower than 1000个·mm⁻²

4. Preoperative intraocular pressure ≥ 21 mmHg (1 kPa = 7.5 mmHg)

5. Patients with active inflammation and fundus disease