Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamins C and E are associated with a reduced prevalence of cataract in a Spanish Mediterranean population

Table 2 Associations of cataract prevalence with quartiles of fruit and vegetable intake ¹

					Model I ²		Model II ³
		Median intake (grs/d)	Number of participants	Cases of cataract n(%)	OR (95% CI)	P-trend ⁴	OR (95% CI)	P-trend ⁴
Quartiles of combined fruit and vegetables intake (g/d)	[15, 356.9)	285.6	148	121 (81.8)	1.00	0.016	1.00	0.008
	[356.9, 453.3)	401.6	148	110 (74.3)	0.66 (0.36 - 1.18)		0.61 (0.33 - 1.12)
	[453.3, 574.6)	481.4	148	105 (70.9)	0.53 (0.29 - 0.95)		0.45 (0.24 - 0.84)
	[574.6, 1354)	649.4	149	97 (65.1)	0.44 (0.25 - 0.79)		0.38 (0.20 - 0.70)
Quartiles of fruit intake (g/d)	[0, 136.2)	90.8	148	115 (77.7)	1.00	0.114	1.00	0.024
	[136.2, 190.9)	160.3	148	112 (75.7)	0.81 (0.46 - 1.45)		0.74 (0.41 - 1.34)
	[190.9, 271.1)	221.1	148	101 (68.2)	0.60 (0.34 - 1.04)		0.57 (0.31 - 1.02)
	[271.1, 781)	333.7	149	105 (70.5)	0.62 (0.35 - 1.09)		0.56 (0.31 - 1.03)
Quartiles of vegetable intake (g/d)	[14, 176.2)	127.9	148	117 (79.1)	1.00	0.207	1.00	0.135
	[176.2, 240.3)	205.8	147	107 (72.8)	0.95 (0.54 - 1.68)		0.87 (0.48 - 1.59)
	[240.3, 322.1)	275.0	151	115 (76.2)	1.10 (0.61 - 1.95)		0.95 (0.51 - 1.74)
	[322.1, 657)	372.1	147	94 (63.9)	0.62 (0.35 - 1.08)		0.54 (0.30 - 0.98)

¹Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) obtained from logistic regression models.
²Model I: adjusted for sex, age and energy intake (n=6 missings).
³Model II: adjusted for factors in model 1and marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, use of supplement, energy intake, obesity (bmi<30 vs ≥30) and history of diabetes (n=20 missings).
⁴The Mantel-Haenszel extension chi-square test for overall trend was performed to assess the overall trend of odds ratios across increasing quartiles of fruit and vegetables intake.

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