Table 5 Factors associated with risk of cataract development - Final model (n = 11,591)
Univariate OR | Multivariate OR | 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Socio-demographic factors | ||||
Age (years) | ||||
40–49 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
50–59 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 3.0–4.1 | <0.01 |
60–69 | 21.0 | 14.3 | 12.1–16.8 | <0.01 |
70–80 | 92.6 | 53.1 | 42.5–66.4 | <0.01 |
80+ | 344.5 | 194.1 | 94.5–398.6 | <0.01 |
Sex | ||||
Men | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Women | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8–1.0 | 0.14 |
Monthly household income | ||||
Lowest quintile | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
2nd to 4th quintile | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.7–1.0 | 0.05 |
Highest quintile | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.6–0.9 | <0.01 |
Education | ||||
Elementary school | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Middle school | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.7–0.9 | <0.01 |
High school | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.6–0.8 | <0.01 |
University or higher | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.5–0.7 | <0.01 |
2. Health examination variable | ||||
Hypercholesterolemia | ||||
No | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Yes | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.0–1.3 | 0.02 |
Anemia | ||||
No | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Yes | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.9–1.3 | 0.18 |
Metabolic syndrome | ||||
No | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Yes | 2.1 | 1.1 | 0.9–1.2 | 0.32 |
3. Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension | ||||
No | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Yes | 3.1 | 1.1 | 1.0–1.3 | 0.02 |
Diabetic mellitus | ||||
No | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | ||
Yes | 3.1 | 1.6 | 1.3–1.9 | <0.01 |