Fig. 8

Mechanisms of action of C3 in the relief of dry eye symptoms. C3 applied over the upper eyelid stimulates TRPM8 located in the eyelid margin (1) and this signal is passed via the ophthalmic nerve (V1) towards the central nervous system. The perception of coolness reduces ocular discomfort (2) and efferent signals for increased tear secretion may also be activated (3)