Table 1 Common Emergency CRAO Treatment Options
From: Central retinal artery occlusion – rethinking retinal survival time
Treatment | Action |
|---|---|
Sublingual isosorbide dinitrate | Vasodilation |
Oral pentoxifylline | Vasodilation |
Carbogen inhalation | Cerebral vasodilation and increased oxygen |
Retrobulbar alpha adenergic blocker (tolazoline) or local anesthetic | Vasodilation |
Hyperbaric oxygen | Increased oxygen |
Ocular massage | Attempt to dislodge emboli or thrombus |
Systemic anticoagulation | Limit thrombosis |
Intravenous acetazolamine and mannitol | Reduce IOP to increase perfusion pressure |
Aqueous humor removal by paracentesis | Reduce IOP to increase perfusion pressure |
Thrombolysis, intra-arterial or systemic | Dissolve thrombus |