Association between blood pressure and retinal arteriolar and venular diameters in Chinese early adolescent children, and whether the association has gender difference: a cross-sectional study

He, Yuan; Li, Shi-Ming; Kang, Meng-Tian; Liu, Luo-Ru; Li, He; Wei, Shi-Fei; Ran, An-Ran; Wang, Ningli

doi:10.1186/s12886-018-0799-x

Table 4 Subgroup analysis stratified by potential effect modifiers of retinal Arteriolar Diameter with BP, stratified by potential modifiers

From: Association between blood pressure and retinal arteriolar and venular diameters in Chinese early adolescent children, and whether the association has gender difference: a cross-sectional study

Potential Effect Modifiers			n	Retinal Arteriolar Diameter (μm)
				Model 1	p	Model 2	P	Model 3	P
SBP	Age	10 + 11	70	−1.97 ± 1.66	0.238	−0.60 ± 1.79	0.736	−1.28 ± 1.54	0.411
		12	1122	−3.63 ± 0.43	< 0.01	− 3.31 ± 0.42	<.001	− 2.46 ± 0.39	<.001
		13 + 14 + 15	309	−2.6 ± 0.82	< 0.01	− 2.60 ± 0.84	0.002	−1.98 ± 0.73	0.007
	Sex	Male	792	−3.1 ± 0.52	< 0.01	− 3.41 ± 0.52	<.001	−2.57 ± 0.45	<.001
	Sex	Female	709	−3.05 ± 0.52	< 0.01	− 2.73 ± 0.52	<.001	−2.12 ± 0.49	<.001
	BMI	Upper 50%	750	−2.37 ± 0.57	< 0.01	−2.39 ± 0.5	<.001	−1.72 ± 0.49	<.001
	BMI	Lower 50%	751	−4.03 ± 0.55	< 0.01	−3.71 ± 0.52	<.001	−2.89 ± 0.46	<.001
	Birth weight	Upper 50%	778	−3.69 ± 0.53	< 0.01	−3.09 ± 0.53	<.001	−2.35 ± 0.48	<.001
	Birth weight	Lower 50%	723	−2.87 ± 0.51	< 0.01	−2.97 ± 0.52	<.001	−2.28 ± 0.47	<.001
	Gestational age	Term	1372	−3.27 ± 0.39	< 0.01	− 3.10 ± 0.39	<.001	−2.33 ± 0.35	<.001
	Gestational age	Preterm	129	−3.06 ± 1.09	< 0.01	−2.46 ± 1.12	0.03	−2.21 ± 1.02	0.033
DBP	Age	10 + 11	70	−1.84 ± 2.04	0.370	−0.78 ± 2.18	0.722	− 1.81 ± 1.88	0.342
		12	1122	−4.85 ± 0.62	< 0.01	−4.74 ± 0.56	<.001	−3.76 ± 0.51	<.001
		13 + 14 + 15	309	−1.35 ± 1.11	< 0.01	−2.27 ± 1.08	0.037	−1.36 ± 0.95	0.154
	Sex	Male	792	−4.2 ± 0.74	< 0.01	− 4.65 ± 0.69	<.001	−3.67 ± 0.60	<.001
	Sex	Female	709	−3.68 ± 0.72	< 0.01	−3.46 ± 0.67	<.001	−2.79 ± 0.62	<.001
	BMI	Upper 50%	750	−3.33 ± 0.75	< 0.01	−3.73 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.06 ± 0.62	<.001
	BMI	Lower 50%	751	−4 ± 0.75	< 0.01	−4.30 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.34 ± 0.60	<.001
	Birth weight	Upper 50%	778	−3.83 ± 0.73	< 0.01	−3.73 ± 0.66	<.001	−3.01 ± 0.59	<.001
	Birth weight	Lower 50%	723	−3.92 ± 0.75	< 0.01	−4.31 ± 0.70	<.001	−3.42 ± 0.64	<.001
	Gestational age	Term	1372	−3.89 ± 0.55	< 0.01	−3.95 ± 0.51	<.001	−3.10 ± 0.46	<.001
	Gestational age	Preterm	129	−3.32 ± 1.57	< 0.01	−4.35 ± 1.50	0.005	−3.69 ± 1.39	0.009
MABP	Age	10 + 11	70	−2.21 ± 2.03	0.280	−0.81 ± 2.17	0.709	−1.83 ± 1.88	0.334
		12	1122	−5.22 ± 0.58	< 0.01	−5.01 ± 0.56	<.001	−3.91 ± 0.51	<.001
		13 + 14 + 15	309	−2.41 ± 1.09	< 0.01	−3.00 ± 1.09	0.006	−2.04 ± 0.95	0.034
	Sex	Male	792	−4.40 ± 0.70	< 0.01	−4.91 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.81 ± 0.59	<.001
	Sex	Female	709	−4.21 ± 0.70	< 0.01	−3.89 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.12 ± 0.64	<.001
	BMI	Upper 50%	750	−3.58 ± 0.75	< 0.01	−3.88 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.06 ± 0.63	<.001
	BMI	Lower 50%	751	−4.90 ± 0.73	< 0.01	− 4.87 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.81 ± 0.60	<.001
	Birth weight	Upper 50%	778	−4.68 ± 0.71	< 0.01	−4.31 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.40 ± 0.61	<.001
	Birth weight	Lower 50%	723	−4.11 ± 0.70	< 0.01	−4.42 ± 0.68	<.001	−3.49 ± 0.62	<.001
	Gestational age	Term	1372	−4.40 ± 0.53	< 0.01	−4.38 ± 0.51	<.001	−3.39 ± 0.46	<.001
	Gestational age	Preterm	129	−3.98 ± 1.49	< 0.01	−4.23 ± 1.47	0.005	−3.66 ± 1.35	0.008

Model 1:unadjusted model; Model 2: adjusted for age, gender, axial length, BMI, waist, spherical equivalent, birth weight and gestational age; Model 3: adjusted for fellow vessel diameter additionally. SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, MABP mean arterial blood pressure. Term means pregnancy lasts longer than 37 weeks, and preterm represents that the duration of pregnancy is less than 37 weeks. Significant p values are bolded

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