Table 4 Factors associated with ocular disorders among small scale welders
Variable | No disorder n (%) | Ocular disorder n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Male | 133(43) | 177(57) | 1 | |
Female | 5(15) | 29(85) | 4.36(1.64–11.55) | 0.003* |
Age | ||||
13–25 | 46(64) | 26(36) | 1 | |
26–35 | 53(49) | 55(51) | 1.84(0.99–3.38) | 0.051 |
36–45 | 27(32) | 57(68) | 3.74(1.92–7.26) | < 0.001* |
≥ 45 | 12(15) | 68(85) | 10.03(4.59–21.86) | < 0.001* |
Education level | ||||
none/primary | 58(36) | 105(64) | 1 | |
secondary/tertiary | 80(44) | 101(56) | 0.70(0.45–1.08) | 0.104 |
Type of welding | ||||
Gas flame | 7(41) | 10(59) | 1 | |
Electric Arc | 131(40) | 196(60) | 1.05(0.39–2.82) | 0.927 |
Use of protective eye wear | ||||
Yes | 122(40) | 184(60) | 1.10(0.55–2.17) | 0.791 |
No | 16(42) | 22(58) | 1 | |
Duration of welding(years) | ||||
≤ 5 | 60(47) | 69(53) | 1 | |
6–10 | 38(42) | 53(58) | 1.21(0.71–2.08) | 0.485 |
> 10 | 39(32) | 84(68) | 1.87(1.12–3.13) | 0.131 |
History of ocular trauma | ||||
Yes | 93(41) | 135(59) | 0.92(0.58–1.45) | 0.721 |
No | 45(39) | 71(61) | 1 | |
Type of protective eye wear | ||||
sun glasses | 128(40) | 189(60) | 0.33(0.07–1.54) | 0.158 |
Others | 2(18) | 9(82) | 1 | |
History of Foreign body removal | ||||
Yes | 67(36) | 119(64) | 1.45(0.94–2.24) | 0.093 |
No | 71(45) | 87(55) | 1 | |