Table 1 Mean [95% CI] refractive error, best corrected visual acuity and accommodation amplitude for 2nd-, 5th- and 10th-grade children, shown for right eye, left eye and binocular measurements

+ 0.71 [+ 0.61, +0.82]

+ 0.46 [+ 0.32, + 0.60]

+ 0.07 [− 0.05, + 0.19]

+ 0.76 [+ 0.65, +0.86]

+ 0.51 [+ 0.36, + 0.66]

+ 0.08 [− 0.03, + 0.20]

+ 0.01 [− 0.002, + 0.02]

− 0.04 [− 0.06, − 0.02]

− 0.05 [− 0.06, − 0.04]

+ 0.02 [+ 0.001, + 0.03]

− 0.04 [− 0.05, − 0.03]

− 0.06 [− 0.07, − 0.04]

− 0.02 [− 0.04, − 0.03]

− 0.09 [− 0.10, − 0.07]

− 0.10 [− 0.11, − 0.09]

12.3 [11.7, 12.9]

11.4 [10.8, 12.0]

10.3 [9.9, 10.7]

12.4 [11.8, 13.0]

11.5 [10.9, 12.0]

10.5 [10.2, 10.9]

14.0 [13.4, 14.6]

12.9 [12.3, 13.5]

11.8 [11.3, 12.2]