Clinical analysis of microbiologically proven fungal keratitis according to prior topical steroid use: a retrospective study in South Korea

Table 3 Treatment outcome of fungal keratitis according to prior topical steroid use

Characteristics	PS (n = 30)	NPS (n = 53)	p-value
Medical treatment: topical
Antifungal agent monotherapy	20 (66.7)	43 (81.1)	0.139
Amphotericin B	8 (26.7)	19 (35.8)	0.391
Natamycin	12 (40.0)	24 (45.3)	0.641
Combined antifungal agents	10 (33.3)	10 (18.9)	0.139
Amphotericin B/ natamycin	7 (23.3)	10 (18.9)	0.628
Voriconazole/ natamycin	3 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	0.044^*
Medical treatment: systemic^a
Terbinafine	5 (16.7)	4 (7.5)	0.273^*
Itraconazole	1 (3.3)	4 (7.5)	0.649^*
Fluconazole	16 (53.3)	36 (67.9)	0.187
Amphotericin B	8 (26.7)	17 (32.1)	0.606
Voriconazole	7 (23.3)	1 (1.9)	0.003^*
Treatment outcome
Epithelial healing time, days^b	44.6 ± 50.5	29.6 ± 27.9	0.165
Median (range)	27 (4–190)	23 (3–150)	0.248^†
Final BCVA^c (logMAR)	1.36 ± 1.20	0.92 ± 1.08	0.133
< 0.1, Snellen	18 (60.0)	23 (44.2)	0.169
Complications
Corneal perforation	8 (26.7)	7 (13.2)	0.126
Endophthalmitis	2 (6.7)	1 (1.9)	0.295^*
Surgical intervention	13 (43.3)	11 (20.8)	0.029
AMT	9 (30.0)	4 (7.5)	0.011^*
Evisceration/enucleation	4 (13.3)	7 (13.2)	1.000^*
Conjunctival flap	6 (20.0)	4 (7.5)	0.157^*
Penetrating keratoplasty	0 (0.0)	1 (1.9)	1.000^*
Time to evisceration/enucleation < 1 month^d	2/4 (50.0)	5/7 (71.4)	0.576
Duration of hospitalization, days^e	15.6 ± 6.3	13.0 ± 6.0	0.070
Treatment failure^f	14 (46.7)	12 (22.6)	0.023

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%)
AMT amniotic membrane transplantation, BCVA best corrected visual acuity, logMAR logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution, NPS group of no prior topical steroid use, PS group of prior topical steroid use
^*The p-value was calculated using Fisher’s exact test
^†The p-value was calculated using Kruskal-Wallis test
^aPercent do not add to 100% because some cases had combined systemic medications
^bTotal n = 71: cases with persistent epithelial defect were excluded. (3 cases in PS, 9 cases in NPS)
^cThe final BCVA was assessed at the end of 3 months or at the completion of treatment
^dPercentages and statistical values were calculated within the group of underwent evisceration/enucleation
^eTotal n = 77: cases of outpatients were excluded (2 cases in PS, 4 cases in NPS)
^fDefined as the occurrence of complication or surgical intervention

ISSN: 1471-2415