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Table 2 Clinical features, SD-OCT findings and new onsets of signs/symptoms among patients with initial vitreomacular adhesion that progressed into vision-threatening sequelae.

From: OCT proves that vitreomacular adhesion is significantly more likely to develop vision-threatening retinal complications than vitreomacular separation

Case number

age range (yrs)

Sex

Eye

SD-OCT Findings of VMAa

Cx (VMAng)b

Management

VA (Pre~post-op)

New Onset Signs/Symptoms

01

70~79

1

OD

partial detachment temporal to fovea

FTMHc (82.9°)

VT+Peel

2.0~1.3d

N. fundus/VA↓

02

50~59

2

OD

partial detachment temporal to fovea

MP (1.2°)

VT+Peel

0.3~0.2

N. fundus/floaters

03

40~49

2

OD

partial detachment temporal to fovea

RD (8.0°)

VT+SB+SO

1.3~0.7

LD & RB/flashes

04

60~69

2

OS

V-shaped

FTMHc (25.0°)

VT+Peel+SB

0.7~0.0d

Retina hole/distortion

05

60~69

2

OS

V-shaped

FTMHc (14.9°)

VT+Peel+SB+SO

0.8~1.3d

RB/VA↓

06

60~69

2

OS

V-shaped

FTMHc (25.0°)

VT+Peel

0.8~0.4d

N. fundus/VA↓

07

40~49

1

OD

V-shaped

FTMHc (19.3°)

VT+Peel

1.0~2.0d

foveoschisis/VA↓

08

40~49

1

OS

V-shaped

FTMHc (2.8°)

VT+Peel

0.7~0.2d

N. fundus/Distortion

09

20~29

1

OD

V-shaped

RD (6.2°)

VT+SB+SO

1.3~2.0

LD & RB/VA↓

10

30~39

1

OS

partial detachment nasal to fovea

FTMHc (13.2°)

VT+Peel

1.3~0.7d

foveoschisis/VA↓

11

70~79

2

OS

V-shaped

VTM (9.2°)

VT+Peel

0.3~0.2

Macula cyst/VA↓

12

70~79

1

OD

V-shaped

FTMHc (10.5°)

VT+Peel

1.3~0.5d

N. fundus/flashes

  1. aSD-OCT findings of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) which was divided into 2 types, namely V-shaped VMA (see Case 4 in Fig. 2a) as well as nasal or temporal perifoveal vitreous detachment with respective temporal or nasal VMA (see Case 2 in Fig. 1vs).
  2. bThe VMAng was directly measured (underlined and bolded for FTMH; e.g. Case 4: 25.0°; Please also refer to the section Measurement of the vitreomacular angle of the Methods) by the On-Screen Protractor Program (Minimum JRE version 1.7, GNU GPL v3).
  3. cAfter above vitreoretinal surgeries that were respectively given to 8 cases of FTMH, there were 5 cases (62.5%: Case 1, 4, 6, 8 and 12) of closed hole, 1 case (Case 10) of sealed hole and 2 cases (Case 5 and 7) of unclosed hole. Postoperatively, there were 5 cases (62.5%: Case 1, 5, 7, 8 and 10) with macular photoreceptor inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) disruption and 3 cases (Case 4, 6 and 12) without IS-OS disruption.
  4. dFurthermore, the pre-operative best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs; LogMAR) were, though not significantly, improved from 1.1±0.4 to 0.8±0.7. Distortion is defined as distorted image.
  5. Abbreviations: SD-OCT spectrum domain optical coherence tomography; Cx complication; yrs years; VMAng vitreomacular angle; VA (Pre~post-op); BCVA (Pre~post-op: pre-~post-operative visit); LogMAR logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; FTMH full-thickness macular hole; MP macular pucker; RD retinal detachment; VMT vitreomacular traction; LD lattice degeneration; RB retinal break; VT pars plana vitrectomy; peel, internal limiting membrane peeling; SB scleral buckle; SO silicon oil tamponade.
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BMC Ophthalmology

ISSN: 1471-2415

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