Fig. 1

Ocular manifestations of a pediatric catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome. a Severe optic disc swelling, multiple blot hemorrhage, and macular exudates are seen in the right eye. b Optic disc swelling, macular exudates, multiple hemorrhages, intraarterial white plaques and white ischemic retina are observed in the left eye. c, d, Fluorescein angiographies revealed disc and vascular leakage with decreased choroidal perfusion are found in both eyes, and large non-perfusion area at temporal retina in the left eye. e, f, g, h Optical coherence tomography showed fluid and multiple hard exudates in subretinal space and Henle’s layer at macula and peripapillary area. Bilateral optic disc edema is observed