Table 1 Brief review on available reports of retinal necrosis in natalalizumab-treated patients (M male, F female, OD right eye, OS left eye, OU both eyes, N/A not applicable, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, NLP no light perception, PR present report)
No. [Ref] | Age Sex | Time of Diagnosis of MS | Natalizumab regimen | Time of diagnosis of ARN | Involvement | Initial vision | Diagnostic sampling | Antiviral treatment | Final vision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 [1] | 34 F | 2011 | Monthly infusion since 2012 in which the last infusion was 3 weeks before the symptoms. | 2015 | Bilateral ARN | -OD: 20/25 -OS: 20/50 | Aqueous/VZV | Intravitreal injections of foscarnet and ganciclovir and intravenous acyclovir | -OD: 20/30 at -OS: HM (combined tractional and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment) |
2 [10] | 49 N/A | 2006 | Monthly infusions since 2007 | 2012 | Combined retinal (OU) and CNS vasculitis | N/A | CSF/VZV | Intravenous acyclovir + plasma exchange therapy | NLP |
3 [11] | 46 M | 2001 | Start since 2006 | 2018 | OS | 0.2 | CSF/VZV | Intravenous acyclovir and intravitreal ganciclovir injections | 0.5 |
4 [12] | 51 M | N/A | N/A | N/A | OD | 20/30 | Serology/Positive IgG and IgM for VZV | Oral valacyclovir | 20/30 |
5 [13] | 54 F | N/A | N/A | N/A | OS (progressive outer retinal necrosis) | 20/125 | Aqueous/VZV | Intravenous and intravitreal antivirals | 20/125 |
6 [14] | 37 F | 2004 | Start since 2007 | 2017 | Combined retinal (OS) and CNS vasculitis | 0.2 | Aqueous/VZV | Intravenous acyclovir and intravitreal foscarnet | 0.16 |
59 F | 1995 | Start since 2006 | 2019 | Combined retinal (OU) and CNS vasculitis | NLP | Aqueous/VZV | Intravenous acyclovir and intravitreal ganciclovir | NLP | |
7 [PR] | 54 M | 2015 | Monthly infusion since 2017 in which the last infusion was 2 weeks before the symptoms. | 2020 | OD | 20/200 | Vitreous/VZV, HSV I, HSV II | Intravenous acyclovir | HM (rhegmatogenous retinal detachment) |