Table 2 Clinical characteristics of 50 patients who completed DR screening in the ED
Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
Diabetes type | |
Type 1 | 2 (4) |
Type 2 | 47 (94) |
Other | 1 (2) |
Diabetes duration (years; mean ± SD) | |
12 ± 9 (range: 2–47) | |
Hemoglobin A1c (%; mean ± SD) | |
8.1 ± 2.0 (range: 5.4–14.5) | |
Mean arterial pressure recorded in ED (mmHg, mean ± SD) | |
102 ± 4 (range: 71–126) | |
Insulin dependence | 25 (50) |
Smoking history | |
Current | 13 (26) |
Former | 18 (36) |
Never | 19 (38) |
Comorbidities | |
Hypertension | 41 (82) |
Hyperlipidemia | 29 (58) |
Neuropathy | 23 (46) |
Renal disease | 21 (42) |
Coronary artery disease | 13 (26) |
Medical providers | |
Primary care physician | 49 (98) |
Endocrinologist | 16 (32) |
Nephrologist | 9 (18) |
Pulmonologist | 6 (12) |
Cardiologist | 8 (16) |
Gastroenterologist | 4 (8) |
Neurologist | 3 (6) |
Rheumatologist | 3 (6) |
Vascular surgeon | 2 (4) |
Psychiatrist | 2 (4) |
Cardiothoracic surgeon | 1 (2) |
General surgeon | 1 (2) |
Infectious disease specialist | 1 (2) |
Report having an ophthalmologist or optometrist | 39 (78) |
Last self-reported dilated fundus exam | |
Within 1 year | 34 (68) |
Over a year ago | 9 (18) |
Never | 5 (10) |
Known history of diabetic retinopathy | 7 (14) |