Fig. 2

Blood flow across retina-choroid thickness compared to baseline after drinking coffee, as imaged with pCASL-MRI. (A) Scout image and slice position. Orange thin arrowhead roughly indicates the foveal region, and white thick arrowhead indicates the optic nerve head (ONH). (B) Blood flow profile before and after coffee intake across the retina-choroid thickness from the sclera to the vitreous. (B1-B3): representative quantitative blood flow in rainbow scale with unit of mL/100 mL/min from a healthy 22-year-old male subject. (C) The relative change in retina-choroid blood flow from baseline at 0.5 and 2 h after drinking coffee and water. Values are mean ± SD. *P < 0.05 vs. baseline