Table 3 Age-wise comparison of outcome measures in patients without DR, NPDR and PDR

Endothelial cell density (cell/mm2)

 ≤ 55 (n = 34)

2461.22 ± 157.5

2395.64 ± 685.96

2491.72 ± 239.81

0.87^¶

2501 [2190, 2665]

2431 [224, 3148]

2404 [2217, 2920]

55–60 (n = 19)

2483.5 ± 47.37

2512.5 ± 714.28

2853.2 ± 142.28

0.55^¶

2483.5 [2450, 2517]

2613 [531, 3564]

2834 [2665, 2998]

60–65 (n = 38)

2671.25 ± 311.62

2565.87 ± 277.8

2509 ± 255.85

0.39^¶

2527.5 [2325, 3354]

2543 [2168, 3037]

2563 [2001, 2892]

 ≥ 65 (n = 43)

2522.88 ± 317.93

2677.42 ± 212.40

2542.14 ± 323.72

0.35^¶

2460 [2138, 3353]

2693 [2164, 3015]

2585.5 [1944, 2944]

All age

2551.51 ± 284.4

2534.66 ± 512.47

2558.87 ± 282.80

0.95^¶

2500.5 [2138, 3354]

2582.5 [224, 3564]

2568.5 [1944, 2998]

Average cell size

 ≤ 55 (n = 34)

408.33 ± 27.17

398.43 ± 41.88

404.45 ± 36.73

0.81^¶

400 [375, 457]

410 [318, 450]

416 [342, 451]

55–60 (n = 19)

402.5 ± 7.78

504.08 ± 436.78

351.2 ± 17.60

0.057^©

402.5 [397, 408]

382.5 [281, 404]

353.0 [334, 375]

60–65 (n = 38)

378.33 ± 40.79

386.63 ± 49.76

398.5 ± 47.76

0.60^¶

396 [298, 430]

387 [294, 461]

390 [320, 500]

 ≥ 65 (n = 43)

398.94 ± 46.30

375.75 ± 32.49

399.86 ± 55.42

0.33^¶

400 [298, 468]

371 [332, 462]

386.5 [340, 514]

All age

395.05 ± 40.47

413.37 ± 208.33

394.7 ± 47.02

0.43^©

399.5 [298, 468]

387 [281, 1883]

389 [320, 514]

Coefficient of variation

 ≤ 55 (n = 34)

40.88 ± 7.97

40.71 ± 8.31

41.28 ± 7.05

0.98^¶

44 [27, 52]

38 [30, 60]

42 [31, 53]

55–60 (n = 19)

45.5 ± 7.78

43.17 ± 5.83

40.6 ± 7.73

0.63^¶

45.5 [40, 51]

44 [32, 51]

38 [32, 51]

60–65 (n = 38)

40.5 ± 7.56

43.56 ± 8.60

48.9 ± 6.54

0.052^¶

40 [32, 62]

43 [34, 65]

47.5 [40, 61]

 ≥ 65 (n = 43)

46.53 ± 4.67

43 ± 5.08

43.14 ± 8.68

0.23^¶

48 [35, 52]

43 [34, 51]

41.5 [33, 68]

All age

43.4 ± 6.94

42.6 ± 7.519

43.7 ± 7.98

0.74^¶

43.5 [27, 62]

43 [30, 65]

43.5 [31, 68]

Hexagonality (%)

 ≤ 55 (n = 34)

50.66 ± 9.06

46.78 ± 5.52

49.27 ± 13.72

0.41^¶

50 [39, 65]

47.5 [30, 59]

49 [32, 80]

55–60 (n = 19)

45.50 ± 6.36

44.16 ± 6.64

47.4 ± 10.45

0.74^¶

45.5 [41, 50]

44 [30, 57]

49 [32, 61]

60–65 (n = 38)

49.83 ± 9.98

47.25 ± 6.96

45.2 ± 14.83

0.58^¶

45.5 [41, 77]

46 [35, 59]

40 [29, 80]

 ≥ 65 (n = 43)

46.88 ± 11.48

46.75 ± 6.01

45.71 ± 10.19

0.94^¶

48 [23, 67]

46.5 [37, 61]

49 [29, 66]

All age

48.55 ± 10.16

46.33 ± 6.26

46.1 ± 10.62

0.74^©

47.5 [23, 77]

46 [30, 61]

46.5 [29, 80]