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Table 2 Number of recommendations with reported level of evidence (LOE) in current and prior American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern guidelines

From: Systematic analysis of levels of evidence supporting American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern guidelines, 2012–2021

Guideline by subspecialtya

Number of recommendations with a LOE in current guidelines

Number of recommendations with a LOE in prior guidelines

Change in number of recommendations with a LOE from prior to current

Retina/Vitreous

19

485

-466

-Idiopathic epiretinal membrane and vitreomacular traction

2

7

-5

-Age-related macular degeneration

2

103

-101

-Retinal vein occlusions

4

13

-9

-Idiopathic macular hole

3

68

-65

-Posterior vitreous detachment, retinal breaks, and lattice degeneration

1

86

-85

-Diabetic retinopathy

7

197

-190

-Retinal and ophthalmic artery occlusions

0

11

-11

Cataract/Anterior Segment

18

75

-57

-Cataract in the adult eye

18

75

-57

Glaucoma

17

40

-23

-Primary angle-closure disease

4

11

-7

-Primary open-angle glaucoma

12

20

-8

-Primary open-angle glaucoma suspect

1

9

-8

Cornea

24

648

-624

-Conjunctivitis

10

220

-210

-Dry eye syndrome

7

71

-64

-Corneal ectasia

1

47

-46

-Blepharitis

1

71

-70

-Bacterial keratitis

4

104

-100

-Corneal edema and opacification

1

135

-134

Refractive management/intervention

15

0

15

-Refractive errors & refractive surgery

15

0

15

Pediatric Ophthalmology/Strabismus

1

0

1

-Pediatric Eye Evaluations

1

0

1

-Amblyopia

0

0

0

-Esotropia/Exotropia

0

0

0

-Adult Strabismusb

0

Comprehensive Ophthalmology

0

7

-7

-Comprehensive Adult Medical Eye Evaluation

0

7

-7

Vision Rehabilitation

0

0

0

  1. aNeuro-ophthalmology, Ocular Pathology/Oncology, Oculoplastics/Orbit, and Uveitis do not have Preferred Practice Pattern guidelines
  2. bThe adult strabismus Preferred Practice Pattern guideline was published for the first time in 2019