Table 2 Age-sex adjusted and unadjusted prevalence of VI among older adults in India, 2017–2018
Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
% | CI | % | CI | |
Overall | 37.1 | (36.50, 37.62) | 37.6 | (37.05, 38.16) |
Diabetes | ||||
No | 38.8 | (37.62, 38.85) | 38.6 | (37.96, 39.18) |
Yes | 32.1 | (28.72, 31.43) | 32.4 | (30.99, 33.77) |
Hypertension | ||||
No | 38.2 | (36.49, 37.88) | 38.5 | (37.81, 39.20) |
Yes | 36.8 | (35.88, 37.78) | 35.9 | (34.99, 36.87) |
Stroke | ||||
No | 37.7 | (36.41, 37.54) | 37.5 | (36.98, 38.11) |
Yes | 40.3 | (36.85, 44.15) | 40.4 | (36.61, 44.13) |
Heart Disease | ||||
No | 38.0 | (36.76, 37.91) | 37.9 | (37.27, 38.42) |
Yes | 32.9 | (29.71, 34.55) | 33.5 | (31.08, 35.99) |
Education | ||||
No education | 44.3 | (41.75, 43.32) | 43.3 | (42.43, 44.10) |
Primary | 35.4 | (34.39, 36.64) | 36.0 | (34.84, 37.16) |
Secondary | 26.4 | (24.04, 26.68) | 27.6 | (25.94, 29.30) |
Higher | 20.2 | (18.68, 22.12) | 21.8 | (19.45, 24.15) |
Marital status | ||||
Currently married | 34.7 | (33.80, 35.19) | 36.8 | (36.00, 37.60) |
Widowed | 43.4 | (40.10, 42.07) | 40.1 | (38.86, 41.40) |
Othersa | 38.7 | (40.36, 47.60) | 38.7 | (35.12, 42.28) |
Working status | ||||
Never worked | 42.7 | (40.49, 42.67) | 42.4 | (40.45, 44.43) |
Currently working | 34.0 | (31.54, 33.53) | 38.3 | (36.91, 39.62) |
Not currently working | 37.1 | (36.76, 38.49) | 36.7 | (35.78, 37.57) |
Currently smoke tobacco | ||||
No | 37.9 | (36.91, 38.13) | 37.2 | (36.58, 37.79) |
Yes | 36.7 | (32.86, 35.79) | 40.4 | (38.25, 42.44) |
Currently chew tobacco | ||||
No | 37.4 | (36.38, 37.64) | 37.0 | (36.41, 37.65) |
Yes | 39.1 | (36.02, 38.56) | 40.2 | (38.87, 41.48) |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
No | 37.9 | (36.68, 37.92) | 36.9 | (36.32, 37.56) |
Yes | 36.8 | (34.35, 37.02) | 41.7 | (39.55, 43.78) |
MPCE quintile | ||||
Poorest | 41.1 | (38.99, 41.51) | 40.9 | (39.68, 42.2) |
Poorer | 39.8 | (38.62, 41.13) | 39.6 | (38.34, 40.82) |
Middle | 38.4 | (35.33, 37.79) | 38.3 | (37.04, 39.50) |
Richer | 36.0 | (32.66, 35.14) | 35.8 | (34.53, 37.02) |
Richest | 32.9 | (32.25, 34.79) | 33.0 | (31.79, 34.28) |
Religion | ||||
Hindu | 37.2 | (36.34, 37.65) | 37.1 | (36.44, 37.74) |
Muslim | 35.0 | (33.53, 36.75) | 35.1 | (33.55, 36.74) |
Christian | 42.7 | (40.03, 43.66) | 42.2 | (40.35, 43.94) |
Othersb | 42.3 | (38.02, 43.20) | 42.0 | (39.38, 44.56) |
Caste | ||||
Scheduled Caste | 42.0 | (40.23, 43.06) | 42.1 | (40.73, 43.56) |
Scheduled Tribe | 43.5 | (39.12, 41.93) | 43.4 | (41.99, 44.79) |
Other Backward Class | 36.3 | (35.36, 37.17) | 36.2 | (35.32, 37.11) |
Others | 33.2 | (32.57, 34.73) | 32.8 | (31.77, 33.89) |
Place of residence | ||||
Rural | 40.7 | (38.80, 40.19) | 40.6 | (39.88, 41.26) |
Urban | 31.8 | (30.02, 31.88) | 31.7 | (30.81, 32.67) |
Region | ||||
North | 39.5 | (40.45, 43.1) | 39.3 | (38.01, 40.60) |
Central | 35.9 | (35.26, 38.31) | 35.9 | (34.41, 37.43) |
East | 39.2 | (39.10, 41.74) | 39.2 | (37.93, 40.53) |
Northeast | 48.2 | (47.68, 51.06) | 47.6 | (45.93, 49.25) |
West | 29.5 | (25.70, 28.54) | 29.7 | (28.23, 31.14) |
South | 35.6 | (35.52, 37.81) | 35.4 | (34.25, 36.51) |