Table 1 Diabetic retinopathy related target molecules
From: Research progress on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy
Name | Related signal pathway | Function |
|---|---|---|
NF-κB | Enhances VEGF expression and ROS production | |
Nrf2-ARE | Enhances the expression of antioxidant genes | |
Increases VEGF | Promotes the progression of PDR | |
SHP-1 [53] | PDGF-B/PDGFR-β PKC-δ P38αMAPK | Intensifies the apoptosis of peri-retinal cells and endothelial cells |
SS31 [25] | Decreases Drp1 and increases Mfn1/2 | Reduces mitochondrial fragmentation and protect mitochondrial integrity |
Homocysteine [22] | mmp2/9 → Cytc | Apoptosis of capillary cells |
FABP4 [10] | PPARγ → ferroptosis | Maintain glucose and lipid homeostasis Inhibit lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress |