Table 5 Associated factors for DR and VTDR among people with diabetes screened using fundus photographs in multivariate analysis
Variables | DR | VTDR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR†(95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Male compared with female | 1.1 (1–1.2) | 0.090 | 1.1 (1–1.3) | 0.128 |
Agriculture compared with Other occupations | 1.2 (1–1.4) | 0.026 | 1.3 (1–1.6) | 0.033 |
HTN‡ (Yes) | 1 (0.9–1.1) | 0.581 | 1 (0.8–1.1) | 0.773 |
Diabetic neuropathy (Yes) | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 0.001 | 1.2 (1–1.6) | 0.096 |
Diabetic foot | 1.6 (1.2–2) | 0.001 | 2 (1.4–2.8) | < 0.001 |
PVA§ (> 0.3 compared with < = 0.3) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 0.001 | 2 (1.7–2.3) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes duration (5 years) | 1.7 (1.6–1.8) | < 0.001 | 1.7 (1.6–1.8) | < 0.001 |
Age 50 years | 1 (0.9–1.1) | 0.760 | 1 (0.8–1.2) | 0.774 |
OHA¶ compared with diet | 2.5 (2.1–3) | < 0.001 | 4.9 (3.2–7.5) | < 0.001 |
Insulin compared with diet | 3.4 (2.6–4.5) | < 0.001 | 6 (3.6–10.1) | < 0.001 |
Both (OHA and insulin) compared with diet | 5 (3.8–6.6) | < 0.001 | 10.9 (6.7–17.8) | < 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia (Yes) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.453 |  |  |