Table 1 Comparison of clinical presentation, management, and outcomes with other reported cases of visual loss following non-facial filler injections
No | Authors | Age | Site of injection | Initial VA | Time to visual loss | Type of filler | Ocular diagnosis | Systemic associations | Management | Final VA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RE | LE | RE | LE | |||||||||
1 | Pee et.al | 27 | Breast | CF | CF | Same day | Hyaluronic acid | Paracentral acute middle maculopathy, Purtscher-like retinopathy | Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, toxic encephalopathy | Oral prednisolone | 6/12 (20/40) | 6/12 (20/40) |
2 | Huang [12] | 20 | Gluteal | 20/70 | 20/200 | Same day | PMMA | Purtscher-like retinopathy | Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage | Conservative | 20/200 | 20/400 |
3 | Khatibi [10] | 32 | Buttock | 20/40 | 20/100 | 3 days | PMMA | Paracentral acute middle maculopathy | Headache, fever, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness | IV antibiotics IV methylprednisolone Oral prednisolone | 20/25 | 20/20 |
4 | Bruno [11] | 26 | Buttock | 20/32 | 20/63 | 4–5 days | Silicone | Paracentral acute middle maculopathy, Purtscher-like retinopathy | Silicone embolism syndrome | IV antibiotics IV methylprednisolone Oral prednisolone | Not reported | Not reported |
5 | Echegaray [13] | 31 | Penis | 20/40 | 20/20 | 3 days | Silicone | Paracentral acute middle maculopathy | Silicone embolism syndrome | IV methylprednisolone Oral prednisolone | 20/40 | 20/20 |