Fig. 1

The retinal images captured during the surgery. (a)-(d) are the partial images in different fields under the microscope. (e) is the panoramic fundus image composed of multiple images by Photoshop. The part enclosed by the yellow line is the area of the proliferative membrane removed by VP in the operation. The proliferative membrane except that in the yellow line area was directly removed during vitrectomy; therefore, it was not included in the total area calculation. (f) is the measurement result showing the area of the membrane (1) and optical disc (2) quantified by ImageJ, expressed in pixels