Table 1 Demographics and characteristics of participants, NHANES 2005–2008
Total | Non-DR | DR | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of subjects, N (%) | 227 2,720,185 | 110 (48.46) 1,371,497(50.42) | 117 (51.54) 1,348,688(49.58) | |
Age in years, mean (SD) | 60.42 (0.93) | 60.81 (1.35) | 60.03 (1.29) | 0.68 |
Sex, N (%) | 0.94 | |||
Female | 1,324,619(48.70) | 663,065 (48.35) | 661,554 (49.05) | |
Male | 1,395,566(51.30) | 708,431 (51.65) | 687,135 (50.95) | |
Race, N (%) | 0.10 | |||
Mexican American | 312,414 (11.49) | 134,081 (9.78) | 178,333 (13.22) | |
Non-Hispanic white | 1,602,475(58.91) | 914,609(66.69) | 687,866 (51.00) | |
Non-Hispanic black | 675,679 (24.84) | 254,956 (18.59) | 420,723 (31.20) | |
Other Hispanic | 76,262 (2.80) | 49,025(3.57) | 27,237 (2.02) | |
Other race or multi-racial | 53,354 (1.96) | 18,825 (1.37) | 34,528 (2.56) | |
BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 32.63 (0.69) | 31.78 (0.90) | 33.48 (1.02) | 0.21 |
BMI, kg/m2, N (%) | 0.43 | |||
<25 | 406,313 (14.94) | 257,522 (18.78) | 148,791 (11.03) | |
25-<30 | 706,528 (25.97) | 341,290 (24.88) | 365,238 (27.08) | |
>=30 | 1,607,344(59.09) | 772,685 (56.34) | 834,659 (61.89) | |
HbA1c, median (IQR) | 7.20 (1.90) | 6.80 (1.10) | 7.70 (2.60) | < 0.01 |
Current smoking status, N (%) | 0.26 | |||
Non-smoking | 2,317,250(85.19) | 1,126,526(82.14) | 1,190,725(88.29) | |
Smoking | 402,935 (14.81) | 244,971 (17.86) | 157,964 (11.71) | |
Hypertension, N (%) | 0.75 | |||
No | 787,453 (28.95) | 379,018 (27.64) | 408,435 (30.28) | |
Yes | 1,932,731(71.05) | 992,478 (72.36) | 940,253 (69.72) | |
Diabetes duration, years, median (IQR) | 11.87(12.30) | 6.52 (12.00) | 14.00 (11.00) | < 0.01 |
DII, mean (SD) | 1.31 (0.18) | 1.14 (0.29) | 1.49 (0.21) | 0.32 |
Energy, median (IQR) | 1734 (919) | 1827 (768) | 1665 (1229) | 0.95 |