Variable | Without DR (n = 259) | With DR (n = 167) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) * | 58.08 ± 13.70 | 60.41 ± 12.90 | 0.081 |
Male sex, n (%) # | 162 (62.55%) | 78 (46.71%) | 0.001 |
DM duration (years) ‡ | 6.00 (1.00–12.00) | 10.00 (7.50–18.00) | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) ‡ | 25.1 (22.8–27.0) | 24.0 (22.2–26.5) | 0.016 |
SBP (mmHg) ‡ | 133.00 (124.00-147.00) | 140.00 (125.50-159.50) | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) * | 80.22 ± 11.60 | 79.60 ± 11.49 | 0.588 |
Hypertension, n (%) # | 114 (44.02%) | 94 (56.29%) | 0.013 |
Serum albumin (g/L) ‡ | 38.20 (36.30–40.10) | 36.90 (34.40–39.70) | 0.002 |
HbA1c (%) ‡ | 9.40 (7.80-11.28) | 9.40 (8.00-11.20) | 0.987 |
ALT (U/L) ‡ | 20.00 (15.00–27.00) | 16.00 (12.00–23.00) | < 0.001 |
AST (U/L) ‡ | 19.50 (16.00–24.00) | 17.00 (14.00–23.00) | 0.002 |
Acetylcholinesterase (U/L) * | 8463.67 ± 2011.18 | 8150.35 ± 2116.33 | 0.126 |
D-dimer (ug/L) ‡ | 330.00 (270.00-502.50) | 410.00 (290.00-705.00) | < 0.001 |
TC (mmol/L) ‡ | 4.80 (3.90–5.60) | 5.10 (4.00-6.10) | 0.030 |
TG (mmol/L) ‡ | 1.51 (1.11–2.19) | 1.49 (0.96–2.40) | 0.929 |
HDL (mmol/L) ‡ | 0.96 (0.82–1.11) | 1.02 (0.85–1.21) | 0.027 |
LDL (mmol/L) * | 3.12 ± 0.91 | 3.33 ± 1.06 | 0.026 |
NEFA (mmol/L) ‡ | 0.39 (0.26–0.53) | 0.32 (0.20–0.45) | < 0.001 |
Lipoprotein A (mg/L) ‡ | 112.50 (60.00-246.00) | 134.00 (82.00-262.00) | 0.032 |
Apolipoprotein A (g/L) ‡ | 1.14 (1.01–1.26) | 1.15 (1.01–1.31) | 0.287 |
Apolipoprotein B (g/L) ‡ | 0.92 (0.74–1.09) | 0.97 (0.75–1.17) | 0.095 |
BUN (mmol/L) ‡ | 5.37 (4.31–6.74) | 6.13 (4.90–8.64) | < 0.001 |
Serum creatinine (umol/L) ‡ | 72.00 (62.40-85.75) | 75.60 (62.88–103.60) | 0.032 |
Urinary albumin (mg/L) ‡ | 6.77 (3.27–18.26) | 28.71 (6.10-251.66) | < 0.001 |
Urinary creatinine (umol/L) ‡ | 8.23 (5.09–13.34) | 5.87 (3.92–8.31) | < 0.001 |
UACR (mg/g) ‡ | 5.83 (3.24–17.51) | 41.09 (9.64-295.49) | < 0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) ‡ | 92.58 (75.89-103.46) | 80.09 (48.28–98.23) | < 0.001 |
UACR Stage (≥ Stage 3), n (%) # | 11 (4.25%) | 51 (30.54%) | < 0.001 |
CKD Stage (≥ Stage 3), n (%) # | 29 (11.20%) | 52 (31.14%) | < 0.001 |
With DME, n (%) # | 0 (0.00%) | 54 (32.34%) | < 0.001 |