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  1. To compare early clinical outcomes of single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) regarding refractive outcome, visual acuity, wound healing, pain inten...

    Authors: Harald C. Gaeckle

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:181

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  2. Remnant interface fluid following Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is associated with postoperative detachments. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes of intraoperative opti...

    Authors: Michael Mimouni, Martin Kronschläger, Manuel Ruiss and Oliver Findl

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:180

    Content type: Research article

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  3. This study aimed to assess visual outcomes, quality of vision and patients’ satisfaction of a trifocal diffractive intraocular lens after cataract surgery with phacoemulsification.

    Authors: Ahmed A. Zein El-Dein, Ahmed Elmassry, Hazem M. El-Hennawi and Ehab F. Mossallam

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:179

    Content type: Research

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  4. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular biometric parameters in adult cataract patients from China and create an anterior chamber depth (ACD) regression model.

    Authors: Qiong Lei, Haixia Tu, Xi Feng, Julio Ortega-Usobiaga, Danmin Cao and Yong Wang

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:178

    Content type: Research article

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  7. To evaluate the effects of lid debris debridement and meibomian gland expression (MGX) on extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and clinical outcomes of moderate and severe MGD.

    Authors: Su Young Moon, Sol Ah Han, Hye Ji Kwon, So Young Park, Jae Hyuck Lee, Ho Seok Chung, Jae Yong Kim, Hungwon Tchah and Hun Lee

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:175

    Content type: Research article

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  8. To assess the effectiveness and safety of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification versus vitrectomy alone in patients over 50 years with primary full-thickness macular holes (FTMH).

    Authors: Christophe Valmaggia, Filip Kostadinov, Corina Lang and Josef Guber

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:174

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Myopic shift and biometric ocular changes have been previously observed after scleral buckling (SB) surgery in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), but long term-term outcomes had not yet been explored. Th...

    Authors: Giuseppe Maria Albanese, Alberto Cerini, Giacomo Visioli, Marco Marenco and Magda Gharbiya

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:172

    Content type: Research article

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  13. To establish a decision model based on two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) eye data of patients with ptosis for developing personalized surgery plans.

    Authors: Xuefei Song, Weilin Tong, Chaoyu Lei, Jingxuan Huang, Xianqun Fan, Guangtao Zhai and Huifang Zhou

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:169

    Content type: Research article

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  14. We present 3 members of a family with macular dystrophy, originally diagnosed as Stargardt disease, with a significantly variable age at onset, caused by a heterozygous mutation in CRX.

    Authors: Saoud Al-Khuzaei, Karl A. Z. Hudspith, Suzanne Broadgate, Morag E. Shanks, Penny Clouston, Andrea H. Németh, Stephanie Halford and Susan M. Downes

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:168

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  15. Cataract is a significant cause of preventable blindness in the United Kingdom and worldwide. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, cataract surgery was the most commonly performed operation by the National Health S...

    Authors: Francis Carr, Paras Agarwal, Harmehak Narula, Tiran S. Keragala, Samer Elshikh Hassan Awwad, Ahmed Roble and Vinod Gangwani

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:167

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  17. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) is an important candidate gene implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis because it affects retinal ganglionic cell survival. The present study assessed the genetic association of...

    Authors: Nanamika Thakur, Rajeev Kumar Pandey, Rashim Mannan, Archna Pruthi and Sanjana Mehrotra

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:165

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  18. Chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) is an ocular comorbidity of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) that usually occurs concurrently with systemic manifestations. Failure to detect and treat oGVHD in...

    Authors: Hideto Ikarashi, Naohiko Aketa, Eisuke Shimizu, Yoji Takano, Tetsuya Kawakita, Yuichi Uchino, Yukihiro Matsumoto, Junko Ogawa, Kazuo Tsubota and Yoko Ogawa

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:164

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  19. Hospital anxiety caused by strabismus surgery has an unpleasant and disturbing feeling for both children and their parents. This study aimed to determine the effect of viewing a self-produced audio-visual anim...

    Authors: Yuexi Jin, Aifen Jiang, Wanna Jiang, Wenxin Wu, Lisha Ye, Xiaojiang Kong, Le Liu and Zhousheng Jin

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:163

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  20. Although studies have investigated the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) associated with lymphoma of various sites, limited studies have investigated this risk in patients with lymphoma originating wi...

    Authors: Asad Loya, Vignesh Ramachandran, Talha Ayaz and Christina Y. Weng

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:162

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  22. Panretinal photocoagulation treatment (PRP) have been known as a standard treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) or severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (sNPDR). However, there is no co...

    Authors: Wei Zhang, Guiyang Zhao, Weijie Fan and Taihong Zhao

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:160

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Pseudomyopia is caused by increased refractive power by ciliary muscle spasm. Most patients cannot overcome pseudomyopia spontaneously; therefore, treatment of pseudomyopia is fastidious and needs a multidisci...

    Authors: In Ki Park, Young Kee Park, Jae-Ho Shin and Yeoun Sook Chun

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:159

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  26. Pathogenic variants of G-protein coupled receptor 143 (GPR143) gene often leads to ocular albinism type I (OA1) characterized by nystagmus, iris and fundus hypopigmentation, and foveal hypoplasia. In this stud...

    Authors: Xiying Mao, Mingkang Chen, Yan Yu, Qinghuai Liu, Songtao Yuan and Wen Fan

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:156

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  28. Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant eye disorder that can also affect other organs of the human body. The condition is primarily characterized by the anterior segmental abnormalities of...

    Authors: Kinga Gołaszewska, Natalia Dub, Emil Saeed, Zofia Mariak and Joanna Konopińska

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:154

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  29. Early recognition and management of baseline risk factors may play an important role in reducing glaucoma surgery burdens. However, no studies have investigated them using real-world data in Japan or other cou...

    Authors: Chikako Shirai, Satoru Tsuda, Kunio Tarasawa, Kiyohide Fushimi, Kenji Fujimori and Toru Nakazawa

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:153

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. Age-related cataract (ARC) is the main cause of blindness in older individuals but its specific pathogenic mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated wi...

    Authors: Zhongying Wang, Dongmei Su, Shanhe Liu, Guiqian Zheng, Gaobo Zhang, Tingsong Cui, Xu Ma, Zhaoyi Sun and Shanshan Hu

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:152

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. To assess the diagnostic capability of novel Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO)-based disc parameters, the BMO-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and the BMO-minimum rim area (BMO-MRA) in the Chinese population and compa...

    Authors: Ruoshi Li, Xia Wang, Yahui Wei, Yuan Fang, Tian Tian, Lei Kang, Mei Li, Yu Cai and Yingzi Pan

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:151

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  32. Strabismus is the leading risk factor for amblyopia, which should be early detected for minimized visual impairment. However, traditional school screening for strabismus can be challenged due to several factor...

    Authors: Wenbo Cheng, Marissa H. Lynn, Shrinivas Pundlik, Cheryl Almeida, Gang Luo and Kevin Houston

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:150

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Visual acuity is commonly used as a functional outcome measure in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), despite having a weak correlation with self-perceived visual quality of life. Microperime...

    Authors: Thomas Richard Johansen Forshaw, Alexandra Kalia Parpounas and Torben Lykke Sørensen

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:149

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. Driving is a visually intensive task. In Cameroon, where the burden of road traffic deaths is high, visual assessment is not universally performed before the issuance of driver licenses. This study aims to ass...

    Authors: Brice Nguedia Vofo, Doris Ako Ayuk, Jacob Pe’er, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Nicholas Tendongfor and Eleanor Ngwe Nche

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:148

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. Dry eye disease is a tear film disorder which can cause discomfort to patients and negatively affect vision acuity. A number of risk factors has been reported to affect the incidence and severity of dry eye sy...

    Authors: Abeer Habeeb Almutairi, Bayan Sulaiman Alalawi, Ghadir Hamzah Badr, Razan Ahmed Alawaz, Maan Albarry and Hossein M. Elbadawy

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:147

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. To compare plasma fatty acids (FAs) between participants with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and participants without neuropathy in an elderly population and to investigate specific FAs pattern in POAG.

    Authors: Alicia Chemaly, Louis Arnould, Alassane Seydou, Pierre-Henry Gabrielle, Florian Baudin, Niyazi Acar and Catherine Creuzot-Garcher

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:146

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Central corneal thickness (CCT) and its association with intraocular pressure, which is a pivotal parameter in glaucoma management, has previously been reported. In this study, we intended to investigate the l...

    Authors: Hae Min Park, Jiin Choi, Won June Lee and Ki Bang Uhm

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:145

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. As a novel high magnification module (HMM) combining with OCT (OCT-HMM) is able to detect the microstructure of retina, we apply it to explore the ultrastructure of the macula after closure of the idiopathic m...

    Authors: Chang-Yu Qiu, Yuan-Yuan Shi, Hong-Wei Zhao, Chuang Nie, Ming-Xia Dong, Huai-Qiang Zhang, Jun Zhao, Qian-Qian Xu, Fei-Long Song, Xiao-Hua Guo, Lin Shi, Chang-Ying Liu, Yu-Bo Gong and Ling Luo

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:144

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. This study evaluated the effects of dexamethasone intravitreal implant on treatment-naïve branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)-induced macular edema (ME), and the risk factors for earlier repeated treatment.

    Authors: Yu-Te Huang, Chun-Ju Lin, Huan-Sheng Chen, Peng-Tai Tien, Chun-Ting Lai, Ning-Yi Hsia, Jane-Ming Lin, Wen-Lu Chen and Yi-Yu Tsai

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:142

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Ultra-widefiled (UWF) retinal images include significant distortion when they are projected onto a two-dimensional surface for viewing. Therefore, many clinical studies that require quantitative analysis of fu...

    Authors: Su-Ho Lim, Seongyong Jeong, Jang Hwan Ahn, Jano van Hemert and Min Sagong

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:141

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. It is critical to monitor the optic disc’s vessel density using Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and evaluate its determinants. In the current study, we investigate the superficial vessel densit...

    Authors: Li-jun Zhou, Xiu-zhi Luo, Pei-yang Shen, Xin Li, Peng Su, Zhe Zhu, Shi-gang Yan, Xiang-bin Kong and Xiao-he Lu

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:140

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. To minimize the risk of viral transmission, ophthalmology practices limited face-to-face encounters to only patients with urgent and emergent ophthalmic conditions in the weeks after the start of the COVID-19 ...

    Authors: Meghan K. Berkenstock, Paulina Liberman, Peter J. McDonnell and Benjamin C. Chaon

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:139

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. To report sampling of the trabecular meshwork using the TrabEx+ (MicroSurgical Technology, Redmond, Washington, USA) device in ab interno trabeculectomy. Specifically, this series focusses upon preservation of...

    Authors: Vipul Ramjiani, Hardeep-Singh Mudhar, Thomas Julian and Graham Auger

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:138

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. The ultra-Orthodox Jewish community has a unique lifestyle including minimal outdoor activity and intense, prolonged nearby work, beginning at a very young age. Their prevalence of myopia is extremely high. Th...

    Authors: Sharon Armarnik, Maya Lavid, Sharon Blum, Tamara Wygnanski-Jaffe, David B. Granet and Michael Kinori

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:136

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Postoperative ocular imbalance is an important problem for orbital decompression surgery in thyroid eye disease (TED). The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in unilateral ocular deviation and ducti...

    Authors: Jie Guo, Xiaofeng Li, Ruiqi Ma and Jiang Qian

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:134

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dynamic monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) level might be as predictors of perceived pain during the first and second phacoemulsification eye surgeri...

    Authors: Feng Zhang, Jin-Hua Wang and Mei-Sheng Zhao

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:133

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. We investigated structural injury patterns in the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (p-RNFL) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) caused by ethambutol treatment.

    Authors: Wen-Yan Sheng, Ling-Ya Su, Wei Ge, Shuang-Qing Wu and Li-Wei Zhu

    Citation: BMC Ophthalmology 2021 21:132

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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